FAMILY, V—SPARID^:. 137 



B. vi, D. V°, P- 13, V. 1/5, A. f, C. 17, L. 1. 48, L. tr. 6/16. 



Length of head 2/7, of caudal 2/11, height of body 2/7 of the total length. Eyes— diameter 1/4 of length 

 of head, If diameters from the end of snout, and 1 apart. Teeth — as in L. nebulosus. Fins — as in L. nelulosus, 

 except that the second anal spine is nearly as long as the third, equals one diameter of the eye in length, and 

 is not quite so long as the second in the dorsal fin. Colours — as in karwa. 



Habitat. — Seas of India and ? Malay Archipelago. 



6. Lethrinus ornatU3. 



Cuv. and Val. vi, p. 231 ; Bleeker, Revis. Lethr. p. 18. 

 Lethrinus erythrurus, Cuv. and Val. vi, p. 293 (young). 

 Lethrinus xanthotamia, Bleeker, Sclerop. 1851, ii, p. 176; Giinther, Catal. i, p. 461. 



B. vi, D. V°, P- 13, V. 1/5, A. |, C. 17, L. 1. 48, L. tr. 6/15. 



Length of head 4/15, of caudal nearly 1/5, height of body nearly 1/3 (4/13) of the total length in a 

 specimen 7 inches long. Eyes — diameter 2/7 of length of head, If diameters from end of snout, and nearly 1 apart. 

 Interorbital space nearly flat : dorsal profile somewhat elevated. Height of head equals its length. The 

 maxilla is nearly 1/3 the length of the head, and reaches to almost below the front edge of the orbit. Preopercle 

 scarcely oblique : opercle with two blunt points, separated by a very shallow emargination. Teeth — four conical 

 canines in either jaw, the first five lateral teeth in the upper jaw conical and pointed, the remainder with 

 globular crowns : the first five in the lower jaw similar to those in the upper but smaller, the posterior ones of 

 moderate or rather small size and with rounded crowns. Fins — dorsal spines of moderate strength, increasing 

 in length to the fourth which is the highest, as long as the longest ray, and equal to about 1/3 of the height of the 

 body below it. Pectoral almost as long as the head : ventral reaches the anus : second anal spine rather stronger 

 but shorter than the third which equals the length of the third of the dorsal fin, and is nearly as high as the 

 rays, the height of which equals the length of the base of the soft portion of the fin : caudal forked. Scales — 

 the row containing the lateral-line is much smaller than that above or below it. Colours — greenish-olive, 

 with from six to seven yellow horizontal bands : the opercular membrane red, caudal edged with red. A violet 

 band across the base of the pectoral fin. 



Young specimens have the dorsal and anal edged with reddish, and irregular blackish blotches about the 

 body, the largest, which is somewhat quadrangular, being above the middle of the base of the pectoral fin. 



Habitat. — An damans to the Malay Archipelago. 



7. Lethrinus ramak. 

 Scimna ramak, Forsk. p. 52. 



Lethrinus ramak, Riipp. 1ST. W. Fische, p. 117, t. 28, f. 3 ; Giinther, Catal. i, p. 459 ; Klunz. Fische d. 

 Roth. Meer, Verh. z. b. Ges. in Wien, 1870, p. 752. 

 Lethrinus fasciatus, Cuv. and Val. vi, p. 290. 

 ? Lethrinus Ehrenbergii, Cuv. and Val. vi, p. 312. 



B. vi, D. V°, P. 13, V. 1/5, A. |, C. 17, L. 1. 50, L. tr. 6/14. 



Length of head 3f , of caudal 1/5 to 5f, height of body 3j in the total length. Eyes — diameter 1/4 to 4J 

 in the length of head, 2 diameters from end of snout, and If apart. Interorbital space slightly convex from 

 side to side. Height of head a little less than its length. The length of the maxilla is 2f in that of the head, 

 it reaches to beneath the posterior nostril. Fine pores visible over most of the scaleless portion of the head. 

 Teeth — canines rather small, the lateral row in the jaws are first compressed and pointed, the posterior 6 or 8 

 being rounded, the first few of which are largest and most obtuse. Fins — dorsal spines of moderate strength, 

 increasing in length to the third and fourth, which equal one-third of the height of the body, but are not quite 

 so long as the last rays. Pectoral nearly as long as the head : ventral reaches the anus. Second anal spine 

 strongest but not so long as the third which equals the second in the dorsal fin : the longest ray not quite equal 

 to the extent of the base of the soft portion : caudal forked. Scales — 5| or 4 entire and 2 half rows between 

 the lateral-line and the base of the spinous dorsal. Free portion of the tail as high at its base as it is long. 

 Colours — olive, with yellow longitudinal bands, a small violet spot in the axilla. 



The ca nin es in front of the jaws in Cuv. and Val.'s specimens are rather larger than described above, 

 whilst a brown spot exists below the lateral-line above the first third of the pectoral fin. 



Habitat. — Red Sea and Ceylon. 



8. Lethrinus harak, Plate XXXIII, fig. 3. 



Scicena ha/rah, Forsk. p. 52. 



Lethrinus harak, Riipp. N. W. Fische, p. 116, t. 29, f. 3; Bleeker, Spar. p. 15 and Revis. Lethr. p. 21 ; 

 Giinther, Catal. i, p. 458 ; ? Kner, Novara Fische, p. 81 ; ? Klunz. Fisch. R. M. Verh. z. b. Ges. Wien, 1870, 

 p. 755. 



Lethrinus rhodopterus, Bleeker, Singapore, p. 65. 



? Lethrinus Amboinensis, Kner, Novara Fische, p. 80 (not Bleeker). 



f Lethrinus Banhamensis, Garrett's Fische d. Sudsee, t. xlvil* 



* Dr. Giinther's description has not yet been published, it appears, from the figure, as if the species had only 4J rows of 

 scales between the lateral-line and the base of the 6th dorsal spine, thus agreeing with Klunzinger's description. 



