2 NOTES ON THE RIGHT AND SPERM WHALES. 
males of the right whales seem to have no conflicts with each 
other, Captain Pease had seen males struggling with each other 
and often found their bodies scarred with the imprints of the rival’s 
teeth; the scars showing their origin very distinctly by their 
form —the distance apart of the wounds answering to the intervals 
of the teeth. The great superiority in the size of the males 
among the sperm whales is just what would be expected in a 
species where the males struggled in the combats of rivals. The 
gain in size under the influence of these conflicts of the males is 
generally limited in land animals within pretty narrow bounds. 
There are probably no land animals where the male is double the 
weight of the female, yet the male sperm whale would seem to 
excel the female by more than this proportion. This extreme 
development of the males occurs also among the Otarid as well 
as among many groups of fishes, so it would seem as if there was 
some reason why the influences tending to limit size were less 
active in the sea than on the land. The reason for the greater 
freedom to acquire size in the sea is undoubtedly to be found in 
the less weight of bodies in that element, the effect of which is 
shown as well in the structures of man as in the structures of 
nature; the ship exceeds all vehicles for land transportation for 
the same reason and in something like the same proportion that 
marine animals, when size is the advantage, exceed terrestrial 
forms. 
The conflicts between the males of sperm whales lead to great 
Pee ge to the lower jaw; the evidence goes to show that at least 
: two per cent. are crooked more or less, and one in several hundred 
: shane gate Asie eC a are two go in 
ch ‘other with ‘eos a strike in e 
nust ; Jead to the most - 
