108 REVIEWS AND BOOK NOTICES. 
many characteristics of their early beginnings, as well as the re- 
semblances which exist between the forms at the beginnings and 
at the ends cannot be accounted for. In fact I am now sure that 
the proportions between the different periods of the life of any 
one individual may be compared with accuracy to the life of the 
group to which it belongs; in youth to what the group is in the 
beginning, in the adult to what it is now, and in old age to what it 
is to be in the future 
Another point of interest that engaged the author’s attention 
was the discovery of the ancestral form of the Tetrabranchiate 
Cephalopods. Such a form he is disposed to think occurs in 
Endoceras. Giving his reasons in full he concludes that “ it is in 
this group, therefore, or in some closely associated genus, that we 
must look for the ancestors of the Tetrabranchiate Cephalopods.” 
The genus is a subdivision of Orthoceras (belonging to the group 
Vaginati), a straight-shelled Cephalopod figured in all the text- 
books. Barrande’s opinion is also cited. That distinguished 
palzontologist has also “settled upon Ascoceras as the proto- 
type, regarding the Vaginati as the nearest allies of Ascoceras.” 
We may safely say that this is one of the most thorough palæ- 
ontological essays that have appeared for many a day. The 
author seems to have had unusual facilities for study, as he ac- 
knowledges his indebtedness to the liberal views pervading the 
management of the museum by which he was allowed to break up 
valuable specimens in the course of his investigations. The four 
lithographic plates illustrating the present Bulletin are exquisite. 
Lire Histories or our BUTTERFLIES AND Morus.* — These are 
earefully elaborated accounts of the metamorphoses of some of our 
common moths (Sesia difinis, S. Buffaloénsis, Thyreus Abbotit, 
Philampelus Achemon, Smerinthus geminatus, Daremma undulosa, 
 Platarctia Parthenos, Euprepia Americana, Euchætes egle, Lagoa 
_ crispata, Hyperchiria Io, Eacles imperialis, and Anisota senatoria) 
_ which in some cases were raised from the egg. We find many 
~ *Entomological Contributions, No. II. By J. A. Lintner. From the twenty-fourth 
' Annual Report on the New York State Museum of Natural History, for the year 1870. 
= 8yo. pp. 66. 
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