334 CONSERVATION AND CORRELATION OF VITAL FORCE. 
exists, this proliferation should manifest itself in one direction 
only, i.e., either as scales or broad bases to the filaments, but not 
both in the same plant? 
Gaura, again, furnishes an example of the scales associated with 
slender filaments, and many more like cases could be brought for- 
ward. After some examination I am now unable to find a distinct, 
unequivocal contradiction to the principle I have enunciated. I 
am not prepared to affirm some do not exist. Indeed I should be 
surprised if they did not. 
The typical anther of our conception is possessed of two cells. 
Sometimes, however, there is but one, which may often be ex- 
plained by the partition wall being obliterated, and so causing the 
confluence of these usually separate cells. In Salvia (sage), how- 
ever, there is but one cell where two might certainly have been 
expected. One has gone, entirely, or at most a mere knob 0 
cellular tissue may remain to suggest the missing cell. Interposed 
between the perfect and the imperfect cells is a connective, unduly 
elongated, which from its very length and association with the sep- 
arated halves of the anther serves to explain the want of develop- 
ment in the one. In other words the connective is vigorous and 
lusty at the expense of the impoverished cell. 
Or take that illustration, almost too familiar to be alluded to 
here, the transformation of the stamens of the wild rose into the 
petals of the cultivated. It is a simple change of direction given 
to vital force, but, in so far as I can see, is no superadded power of 
development. Cultivation may turn the energies of the savage 
into a new channel, perhaps a higher one in some respects, but it 
does not follow that it is therefore, because higher in this sense, 
any indication of greater vitality or force of development. It is 
simply evidence of a transfer of power, and nothing more. 
I have now in my possession an ear of Indian corn on which it 
grains have failed to develop, the chaff surrounding the grains 
being on the other hand enormously overgrown. If this instance 
stood alone I should be willing to admit that the failure of the 
grains to grow simply allowed room for their envelope to take on 
so unusual a size. I could, however, were I disposed, cite a long 
list of cases in which so mechanical an explanation would fail. I 
will quote a few, freely translated from Moquin-Tandon. 
“M. Duval has observed flowers of verbascum, in which the fil- 
*% 
aments of the stamens took on an unusual growth, and at the — 
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