REVIEWS AND BOOK NOTICES. 355 
the summit and perished. No water flows from it at the present 
time.” The above figure illustrates this chimney-like extinct gey- 
ser, of which large numbers were scattered over the surface 
“formed by what may be properly called pulsating geysers.” 
Fig. 72 illustrates one of a series of bathing pools which is thus 
described. 
“Between one of the largest oblong mounds and the base of the 
upper terrace, there is a kind of a valley-like interval, which has 
once been the centre of much activity, but at the present time 
there = agp small jets from which the water is thrown to 
the height of 2 to 4 feet. But it is to the wonderful variety of 
iy delicate colors bee this picture owes the main part of 
its attr activeness. e little orifices from which the hot water 
out at Seer ‘points; sortie 1 small groups of the semicircular, 
step-like bas 
We will io follow our party to the basin of the Yellowstone. 
“The area of this basin is about forty miles in length. From the 
summit of Mount Washburn, a bird’s-eye view of the entire basin 
may be obtained, with the mountains por it on every side 
without any apparent break in the rim. Thi in has been called 
y some travellers the vast crater of an apa volcano. "Tt is 
arth, fragments o k, and voleanic dust were pour red in un 
kata quantities. Hundreds of the nuclei or Sores of these tol- 
canic vents are now remaining, some of them rising to a eight of 
s 
Stevenson, and more than a hundred other peaks may be seen from 
any high point on ethet side of the basin, each of which formed 
a centre of effusion. Indeed, the hot springs and geysers of this 
region, at the present time, are nothing more than the closing 
Stages of that wonderful period of volcanic action that began i 
‘ertiary times. In other words, they are the escape-pipes or Gets 
for t those internal mn which once were so active, but are now 
