REVIEWS AND BOOK NOTICES. 359 
more distinct and more numerous in the Tertiary; therefore the 
origin of our actual flora is, like its facies, truly North American. 
3d. Some types of the North American Tertiary and Cretaceous 
flora appear already in the formations of Greenland, Spitz- 
bergen, and Iceland; the sh of these types is therefore 
apparently from the arctic region 
4th. The relation of the North Fees a. punga ie with mn 
of the same formation of Europe is marked only for North Ameri 
can types, but does not exist at all for those hich are not oo 
resented in the living flora of this continent. Therefore the 
European Tertiary flora partly originates from North American 
ee either directly from our continent or derived from the arctic 
region 
M ao relation of the Tertiary flora of Greenland and Spitz- 
bergen with ours indicates, at the Tertiary and apni pee epochs, 
land connection of the northern islands with our contine 
6 he species of plants common to the Cretaceous Fad Ter- 
tiary formations of the arctic regions and of our continent indicate, 
in the mean te emperature influencing geogra aphical distribution of 
vegetation, a difference, in +, a to about 5° of latitude for the 
Tertiary and Cretaceous epo 
{ The same kind of j owes ations on the geographical distribu- 
tion of v egetable species shows at the Tertiary and Cretaceous 
times differences of temperature according to latitude, analogous 
to what is remarked at our time by the C grsient of the southern 
and northern vegetation.” 
We quote with much satisfaction the conclusions of so able a 
palzeontologist as Mr. Lesquereux that the European Tertiary flora 
partly originated from arctic North America. We may be par- 
doned for referring to our own view expressed in 1865. From a 
study of the quaternary fossils of Labrador and New England, we 
ventured on general grounds, though not a botanist, to dissent 
from the view of Dr. J. D. Hooker, that the flora of northeastern 
arctic America was essentially Scandinavian in its origin.* 
Dr. Horn discourses on the distribution of the Coleoptera col- 
lected on the plains of the Rocky Mountains and the mountains of 
Oregon and Montana. The species, owing to the variation in alti- 
tude, temperature, and the food plants, vary in a corresponding 
ratio. He remarks on this subject as follows :— 
“Eleodes obscura Say affords a bonnie of the ex- 
tent to which this divergence may be carried. Asa genera ral rule 
I find, not only in Eleodes, but also in many other genera, that the 
— o A S E ES a LS I rE am 
n Observations on the Glacial Phenomena of Labrador and Maine. Read Oct. 4, 
; (Memoirs Boston Society of Natural History, 1867. 
s 
