X 
424 ZOOLOGY. 
of phenomena were appreciated as those of cause and effect. . Hali- 
but, it is believed, can be reduced in abundance by over-fishing 
with the hook and line, but the exper iences in Europe and America 
they are interfered with during the — season, and as this 
takes place in the winter and in the open sea (the spawn floating 
near the surface of the water), there is no possibility of a human 
oeo with the process, Stil wéver, these fish have 
bec 
me comparatively very scarce on our ae so that our people 
are orea to resort to far distant regions to obtain the supply 
which o could be secured almost within sight of their. 
om 
It is.now a well established fact that tħe movements of the fishes 
of the cod family are determined ; first; by the search after suita- 
ble places for the deposit of their eggs; second, by their quest of 
food. Thus the cod, as a summer fish, is comparatively little 
own on the coasts of northern Europe ; but as winter approaches 
the schools begin to make their appearance on the northwestern 
coast of Norway , especially around the Loffoden islands, arriving 
there finally in so great numbers that the fishermen are said to de- 
termine their ee by feeling the sounding lead strike on the 
backs of the fish! 
Here they spend several months in the process of repr oduction, 
employed in this business for several months, at the end of which 
the fish disappear and the fishermen return to their alternate occu- 
pations as farmers and mechanics. The fish are supposed to move 
off ina bod to the Grand Banks, which they reach in early sum- 
return again to the northeast. It is believed that the great attrac- 
tion to the cod on the Banks consists in part of the immense 
— of herring or other r wandering fish, that come in from’ the 
gion e Labrador and Newfoundland seas, and which they 
frequently follow close in to the shore, so that they are easily 
ie is well known that the presence or absence of herring deter- 
mines the abundance of hake and cod on the Grand Manan Fish 
little known outside of the region of the Bay of Fundy, except- - 
ing in pertember and October, and when they visit the entire 
