440 MICROSCOPY. 
with the remains were numerous flint implements and a few worked 
in bone, as well as a number of perforated shells belonging to the 
genera Nassa, Buccinum, Cyprea, ete.; these, from their position, 
had evidently formed parts of a necklace and bracelets, and were 
interred with the body. ‘The extreme friability of the bones did 
not allow of their removal in so perfect a condition as that of the 
first skeleton, but, in this case also. they belonged to a tall indi- 
vidual, the skeleton measuring nearly two metres in length. In 
the débris of the cave, bones of the following animals were met 
with :— Ursus speleus, Hyena speleea, Canis lupus and vulpes, 
Arctomys primigenia, Lepus cuniculus, Mus, Equus caballus, Sus 
scrofa, Bos primigenius, Cervus Canadensis, Elaphus corsicus and 
capreolus, and Capra primigenia. Besides there were found some 
bones of a large eagle and of some birds of passage, as well as 
numerous species of marine shells of the genera Patella, Pectun- 
culus, Mytilus, Pecten, Dentalium, and Trochus.— The Academy. 
MICROSCOPY. 
APERTURES OF Oxsectives.—The full report having been re- 
ceived of the London examination of the Tolles’ z5 inch objective 
sent there for measurement, it appears that unfortunately the 
examiners were thrown off their guard by an unexpected ele- 
ment in the case, and that, incredible as it may seem, their report 
does not touch the real question at issue. Everybody knows that 
an objective with cover-adjustment possesses a certain range of 
powers and angular apertures ; and no one doubts that Mr. Tolles 
can make an objective of 145° aperture in air, or that the cor- 
responding apertures would be 91° in water and 79° in thinned 
balsam. The one question in regard to this objective is not its 
balsam angle at an adjustment, dry, upon an accidentally or arbi- 
trarily chosen object and the corresponding immersion angles, but 
its balsam angle at its highest (working) adjustment. If, from 
faulty mounting, the adjustment can be screwed past the limit of 
good definition, then of course it ceases to be an achromatic ob- 
jective at all, and its angle beyond such limit is not worth talking 
about. The examiners do not state, however, that they examined 
the combination at its highest available angle dry, still less at its 
highest available angle immersed. Mr. Tolles’ prominence as & 
successful maker of objectives gives a certain value to his state- 
ments even when they seem arbitrary ; and it is to be hoped that 
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