THE DISTRIBUTION OF CALIFORNIAN MOTHS. 455 
being represented by T. Selene Leach). California has evidently 
not borrowed her insect fauna from northern China or Japan.* 
In the Neuroptera we have strong European features, the genus 
Rhaphidia t occurring in the Pacific states, and not in the Atlantic, 
while Boreas Californicus is more like the European B. hyemalis 
than our two Atlantic species. 
The crustacean fauna of northeastern America, with Limulus 
as its most remarkable feature, repeats that of eastern Asia ; 
but on the other hand Dr. Hagen states that the European 
genus Astacus occurs in California, while Cambarus is only found 
east of the Rocky mountains. 
Mr. F. W. Putnam informs me that of one hundred and sev- 
enty-three genera of fishes given by Günther as inhabiting the 
seas about Japan, only about thirty-six are represented on the 
northwestern coast of America, and of these thirty-six the major- 
ity are also found in the Atlantic, while about eighty others of the 
Japanese genera are also represented on the southeastern coast of 
North America and in the West Indian seas, of which a number 
` are found on the western coast of Central America as well. He 
also tells me that the fresh water fishes of northern Asia, when 
compared with those of other regions, more nearly resemble those 
of the northeastern parts of North America, though a number of 
_ the genera are also common to both North America and Europe. 
By the same authority I am informed that there is a striking re- 
semblance between the reptiJes and batrachians of northeastern 
Asia and northeastern America. 
My attention has been drawn to a consideration of these fea- 
tures in the geographical distribution of animals by a perusal of 
the able and suggestive essay by Prof. Gray on the distribution of 
California plants, in his address at the Dubuque meeting (Aug., 
1872) of the American Association for the Advancement of Sci- 
*Dr. Boisduval, who was the first to publish a lepidopterous fauna of California 
enumerates the following species of Lepidoptera as being common to Cali i 
Euro Vanessa Atalanta, V. cardui, V. Antiopa, Chelonia caja and C. 
Arctia [Phragmatobia] fuliginosa, Gonoptera libatrix, metriculosa, Am- 
Dhipyr midea, S ex A i A, fumosa, 
lia asteris, C. Plastenis subtusa Fabr., Noctua triangulum, N. plecta, 
Hadena pisi, H. tea, ogona Plusia festuce, P. ionis, P. 
are scarcely more distinctive of Europe than of ica, some of them being 
bein; 
common to the subarctic regions of the two continents, and others may yet prove to be 
distinct from the European species. 
tRhaphidia has as yet only been found in Europe, northern Asia, and western North 
i Lachlan). h 
