oa a eae Se ee Nett oe Perr aes Was SAD hop a Sch gt te SaeRe anes, smn glee Ne Rr Segre 
ON SOME NEW FORMS OF AMERICAN BIRDS. 609 
T. Collurio Ludovicianus, var. robustus BAIRD. White-winged 
Shrike.* 
Sp. CHAR. Similar to C. Ludovicianus, but bill much stouter; differs from 
excubit ides in darker colors, and absence of hoary border to the forehead; 
from both in having the four middle tail feathers entirely black to the roots, and the 
bases of the remaining feathers merely grayish, and in the great amount of white on 
the inner webs of the secondaries, in the latter respects resembling C. excu bitor, 
of Europe. Length, 8°75; wing, 4-20; tail, 440; its graduation, 1:00; culmen, 1-00; 
depth of bill, “39; tarsus, 120; middle toe,-61. Hab. California? 
The above description is taken from a specimen in the col- 
lection of the Philadelphia Academy, labelled as having been 
collected in California by Dr. Gambel, and is very decidedly dif- 
ferent from any of the recognized North American species. Of 
nearly the size of C. excubitoroides and Ludovicianus, it has a bill 
even more powerful than that of C. borealis. In its unwaved 
under parts and uniform color of the entire upper surface, except 
scapulars, it differs from borealis and excubitoroides, and resembles 
Ludovicianus. In the extension of white over the inner webs of 
the secondaries it closely resembles C. excubitor. The great 
he specimen in the Philadelphia Academy we originally re- 
ferred to the L. elegans of Swainson, alleged to have come from the 
fur countries ; as, although some appreciable differences presented 
themselves, especially in the coloration of the tail, these were 
considered as resulting from an imperfect description. Messrs. 
Sharpe and Dresser, however, as here quoted, show that Swainson’s 
type really. belongs to L. lahtora, an Old World species. We, 
therefore, find it expedient to give a new name to the variety, 
having no reason to discredit the alleged locality of the specimen. 
Synopsis of the species (including 8, 9, 10 and 11 of this arti- 
cle) of the 
Genus CERTHIOLA SUNDEVALL.} 
; By SPENCER F. BAIRD. 
GEN. CHAR. Bill nearly as long as the head; as high as broad at base, elongated, 
conical, very acute, and gently decurved from base to tip. Culmen uniformly convex ; 
*?? Lanius elegans Sw.F.B 
Pr. A. N. Sc., 1857, 213.—Baird, Birds N. Am., 1858, 327 
$ 5; uri 
in, 
sÀ 
ty Le 
rthiola Sundevall, Vet. Akad. Handl. Stockholm, 1835, 99. (Type, Certhia 
Veola Linn.). 
AMERICAN NATURALIST, VOL. VII. 39 
