1870. | Recent Literature. 387 
bered that Cuvier laid the foundations of his fame as a com- 
parative anatomist at out-of-the-way spots on different points of 
the coast of France; Quatrefages made his most important 
researches on the coast in fishermen’s houses, his tables of boards 
and his equipments most scanty. Better than ‘elaborate and costly 
microscopes and haw apparatus is energy, industry and a 
mind well trained in the methods of research. All of these 
qualities are evinced in the oublicatign before us, and is the result 
of workers trained in this country. 
The contents, of what we hope will be the first of a series of 
similar biological contributions from the summer workshop of 
Johns Hopkins University, is an introductory giving an account 
.of the foundation of the laboratory, to which the readers of this 
journal have already had their attention drawn. This is followed 
by papers on the Land Plants found at Fort Wool, by N. B. Web- 
ster; a list of animals found at Fort Wool, by P. R. Uhler; 
Development of Lingula, by W. K. Brooks; Lucifer typus, by 
Walter Faxon; Development of Gastropods, by W. K. Brooks ; 
Development of Squilla, by W. K. Brooks.: The paper on the 
early stages of Amphioxus, by H. J. Rice, has been delayed by 
the sickness of the author, and will be printed elsewhere at an 
early date. 
Without disparagement to the other essays, that on Lingula 
will excite the most interest from the nature of the subject. The 
author, after a careful and fully illustrated study of the early 
Sees, of this shelled worm, as all must now re ney it since 
from a common vermian stem. “ The three stems appear to be 
sufficiently closely related to each other, and sufficiently sharply 
distinguished from all other animals, to constitute by themselves 
one of the fundamental divisions of the animal kingdom, which © 
might be called, on account of the conspicuous character of the 
trochal disc, the Trochifera,” 
Report OF THE BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS OF THE GEOLOGICAL 
SURVEYS OF PENNSYLVANIA FOR 1878.—This document of four 
pages was printed for the use of the members of the Legislature, 
__ and is signed by Governor Hartranft, chairman of the Board. It 
conveys the information that twenty-four counties have been com- 
pletely surveyed ; thirty-one counties partially, and thirteen coun- 
ties not surveyed. Thus a little less than half of the area of the 
tate in counties has been surveyed, although actually rather 
more than half of the ground has been gone over. The most ex- 
tensive continuous tract finished is that west of the Alleghenies 
and south of Crawford and Elk counties. The rapidity with which 
