476 Adjectives of Color in Indian Languages.  [August, 
strawberries, cherries, certain flowers, the yolk of egg, the rain- 
bow and others. 
The color series found in Indian languages and in the classic 
tongues of the ancients differ from ours chiefly by their great lack 
of artificial terms, though even there they are not entirely want- 
ing. The curious and very frequent coincidence of green and 
yellow, and of blue and green will be considered below. ° 
All Indian terms mentioned in this article are written by means 
of a scientific alphabet based on European Continental pronuncia- 
tion. 
Of no Indian language have I obtained a more complete color 
series than of the Klamath language of South-western Oregon, 
spoken by the Modoc and Klamath Lake (or E-ukshikni) Indi- 
ans. I present this to students as a fair specimen of the idea of 
color prevailing among such Indian tribes which have but recently 
emerged from the nomadic and hunter state. 
No abstract noun exists corresponding to our terms color, color- 
shade or hue, But there is a word for the substance used in the 
dyeing process, which also means dot, stain: shnéluash. It is the 
verbal noun of shnélua, to stain, to dye, to colora verb which 
forms the participle shnéluatko, colored, dyed, and the substantive _ 
shnelud’tkish, dye-stuff, coloring matter. Shnélua is etymologi- — 
cally connected with shnélza, to burn through something, the 
radix being nuta, to burn (v. intr.). Other terms referring to 
colors and colored articles are: hushkalyanatko, of diversified 
colors ; uydkatko, striped, streaked ; shankakash, collar, beads or . 
neckwear of various colors. Three different terms exist for w 
put on face, arms or body. 
For a full comprehension of the terms given below, it is neces- 
sary to remember that all the real adjectives of the Klamath 
language, descriptive of surface-quality and color, terminate in 
-li, and are formed by iterative reduplication, viz: by redoubling 
of the entire radix without vocalic change. The suffix -ptchi, 
_ +tchi means alike to, similar, resembling ; it forms adjectives from 
substantives, mostly of a concrete, material signification. e 
suffix -tko is the sign of a participle, though the verbs, from 
which participles and verbal adjectives in -tko are derived, have 
sometimes become obsolete. 
o No distinction is made between artificial and ital white; 
=~ both are palpali, pa’lpali, derived from pala, to dry up, to be exsic- 
