1879. | Adjectives of Color in Indian Languages. 477 
cated. Gray is pakpa’kli, a thematic variation from pa’Ipali, and 
related to the verb pa’ktgi, “the morning dawns,” and to pa’ka, 
a kind of blanket. Various shades of gray are distinguished by 
these Indians, as lúashptchi, gray as fog (luash, fog), kailaptchi, 
gray as earth, of earthy hue (kaila, ground, dirt, mud); skédshatko, 
gray, said of rocks, horses, etc.; spugatko, gray-colored. 
The common term for d/ve is matchma’tchli, metsmétsli; this is 
a dark blue, for obsidian arrow-heads are called by this adjective, 
and it also corresponds to our purple and violet-colored. ` Bluish- 
egray is makma’kli, and this word we find also in the generic term 
for all water birds, ducks, etc—mda’makli. A certain shade 
between blue and purple, applied to a sort of blanket, is tchze- 
utchyé-uptchi, a nuance derived from the color of the bluebird, 
tchye-utehyé-ush. Another shade of blue is called after a certain 
kind of beads, yamnashptchi (yamnash, i-amnash, neckwear) and 
it is said also of a blue fire-flame. 
The common Klamath term for green is kaka’kli, suggestive of 
the light or grassy green. Another green is tolaluptchi, green 
like the tolalui-blanket, which is manufactured from the tólyash- 
grass, 
The light and golden veMow is again kaka’kli. This adjective 
combines the meanings of light-green and light-yellow, because 
it stands for the color of any grass, weed or plant, and though 
the plant passes from the green of spring time and summer into 
the faded yellow of autumn, the color-name is not changed. But 
. there is another term for the color of the dry leaves in the fall, 
spalptchi, derived from pala to become dry, spal, yellow earthy 
paint for the face. The light yellow of metallic gold and the 
dusky hue of copper are also called kaka’kli, but the rown shade 
of cinnamon is ka-ukd-uli, the light-sorrel of horses and the 
shade seen on pine-burs. A shade darker than this cinnamon 
hue is tchuitchuili, duf or dark sorrel. Tchuitchiga means “ to 
be at red or white heat,” and tchúitchiks is “ strawberry,” a fruit 
called so from its ruddy color. + 
All the different shades of red, as scarlet, incarnate, crimson, 
carmine and vermilion, are comprehended in the adjective taktakli, 
while donde (hair) is makmakli (lak). 
` The generic term for absence of light is pushpishli, d/ack, 
which applies also to objects of nature, to complexion, etc. Dim, 
obscured, dusky-colored is tiptipli; dark-colored, limlimli, the : : ? 
