484 Adjectives of Color in Indian Languages. [August, 
has been altered.! This we distinctly observe in kaka’kli, yellow 
and green in Klamath, the adjective having been given originally 
to the color of grass, trees or other plants. The same is observed 
in the Niskualli language of Washington Territory, in which 
both colors are called hékwats, and we may assume that this is 
the light and not the dark shade of yellow and green. 
Most frequently d/ve and green are rendered by one and the 
same term, as in Dakota, Shawano and in Maya (ydash). Other 
Indian dialects which are reported to have the same name for 
both colors are the Chokdéyem, north of San Francisco bay: 
sivita; the dialect of the Yakimas and Warm Spring Indians 
of Sahaptin family, lomét, la’mt; the Shasti, itchumpazé; the 
-= Guarani, tobi ; and the Muyskas near Bogota, chiskuiko, the latter 
belonging both to South America. Among the Pai-Uta, the Uta, 
Pomo, the Wintún and the Tinné-Apaches, the terms for both: 
colors seem to. be identical also. Unfortunately we are not 
acquainted with the etymology of all these terms, unless we 
would probably be enabled to prove that the real cause of this 
curious coincidence is another than color-blindness. 
Blue and purple is called by the same name in Klamath and in 
the Michépdo dialect of Maidu. 
Red and yellow, or yellow and brown, or brown and red are 
sometimes expressed by the same term, but only when yellow and 
blue are called differently. I have never met with a dialect which 
called black and dark blue, or black and dark green by the same 
adjective, though this is reported to be the case among the 
Niskualli, the Ta’hkali of British Columbia, and several other 
tribes. 
6. As I have stated above, Indians often follow principles 
differing from ours in naming colors. The Klamath language 
has two terms for green, one when applied to the color of the 
vegetals (kaka’kli), another when applied to garments and dress 
(tolaluptchi). Blue when said of beads is again another word 
than blue in flowers and blue in. garments. Thus may be ex- 
plained the fact that some investigators have found the adjective 
black attributed to objects of a dark-blue or dark-green color. 
The Dakotas have three terms for brown, gi, sang and zota, each 
of them being applied to objects of different classes. Even in 
: 1 Thus the name applied to the color of a quadruped emi remain even when the 
: be = Prona its color through the change of sea fe 
AEA eee 
