1870. | Archeology of the Champlain Valley. 739 
about two and a-half inches wide ; it is made from basaltic rock ; 
one surface is flat, the other convex. The edges are rounded, 
well made and sharp. 
Specimens of “ pestles” are often found, though whether all of 
them were used as implements for pounding grain seems more 
than doubtful. In our collection we have three which I should 
hesitate to call pestles. One of these, especially, seems unfitted 
for such use, but rather seems to have been made for a baton of 
office, or a club. It is shown about one-half natural size in Fig. 
1 and is twenty-seven inches long, quite slender, and uniformly 
cylindrical, its average diameter being about two inches. Its 
weight is six pounds. The diameter is nearly equal through- 
out; one end is somewhat contracted, and the opposite more 
so to form a neck for the carved head which terminates it. 
This carving, though not elaborate, yet distinctly and strongly 
indicates a head, somewhat dog-like and somewhat fish-like, in 
some features resembling one animal, in others the other. There 
are no ears, but the eyes are large and prominent. The muzzle 
is much elongated, the whole length being over three. inches. 
The mouth is represented by a deep groove extending back on 
each side as far as the eyes. From the lower lip a raised ridge runs 
back and over the top of the head, which resembles somewhat 
the gill-cover of a fish. The material is a gray schist well finished, 
and where the surface is not weathered it is smooth. This speci- 
men was found near the lake shore not far from St. Albans. 
Another very similar specimen, but without the carving, has 
recently been found on the New York shore. Another specimen 
of this sort, with a somewhat similar carving, though shorter and 
thicker, is made of hard red sandrock, such as occurs abundantly 
in this region. This specimen, though of about the same diame- 
ter as the preceding, is only half as long, and the diameter is not 
so uniform, but increases from the carved end to the opposite, 
which is rounded unevenly. A third and still different specimen 
was found near Highgate, Vt. This is a little less than twenty 
inches long and made of fine-grained gneiss. It is not cylindrical, 
but oval in cross section, the surface being well smoothed, and it 
appears to have been at first rectangular in cross section and 
made oval by rounding the corners. The surface was first picked 
and then ground so that most of the marks of the pick are ~ 
Temoved. The carved end represents, rather rudely but yet 
