> 
1879. } In North America from 1635 to 1840. 765 
1815 and 1816, mostly in New York, New Jersey and Pennsyl- 
vania; 1818 to the West (Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky and Illinois). 
To enumerate all his publications would be a waste of time and 
paper. 
Francois André Michaux (1770-1855) had already traveled with 
his father. In 1801 he started again for America, to explore the 
Western States. In June, 1892, he crossed the Alleghanies of 
Pennsylvania, on foot, descended the Ohio in a boat from Wheel- 
ing to Limestone; crossed Kentucky in a south-westerly direc- 
tion, and Tennessee as far as Nashville, and returned via Knox- 
ville in East Tennessee, to Charleston, S. C., where he arrived on 
the 18th of October, 1802. 
After his return to France in 1803, he published his “ Voyage a 
l'Ouest des monts Alleghanys,” Paris, 1804. The book contains 
many valuable observations on vegetation, wild as well as culti- 
vated. 1805, he published a work on the naturalization of North 
American forest-trees, and 1810-1813, his great work, “ Histoire 
des arbres foréstiéres de l'Amerique septentrionale.” There is an 
English translation, published in Philadelphia, 1859; The North 
American Sylva, three volumes, with 145 plates, uniform with 
Thomas Nuttall’s work with the same title, published 1842-1854, 
which contains, in three volumes with 121 plates, those trees 
which are not described in Michaux’s Sylva, mostly trees from 
the Rocky mountains, California and Florida, not known before. 
Thomas Nuttall, a-native of Yorkshire in England, and a 
printer by trade, came to America about the year 1808. He was, 
like Michaux, an indefatigable traveler. In company with John 
Bradbury, who had already explored the vicinity of St. Louis 
during the year 1810, he traveled, 1811, the Missouri upward to 
Fort Mandan; 1816, he was in the Alleghanies, in Kentucky and 
Ohio. On the 2d of October, 1818, he started from Philadelphia _ 
for Pittsburg, descended the Ohio to its mouth, then the Missis- 
sippi to the Arkansas river; this river upward to the Fort Smith; 
from there in a south-westerly direction to the Red river. After 
his return to Fort Smith, he followed the Arkansas farther up to 
the mouth of Verdegris river, and Grand river, and northward to 
the Osage saltworks. This latter excursion was full of hard- 
ships, disease, Indian pillaging and peril of life. Returning, he 
descended the Mississippi to New Orleans, where he arrived on 
2 the 18th of February, 1820. 
