1880. | In North America from 1840 to 1858. 29 
tains (7000 feet) and the ridge between the Canadian river and 
Rio Grande to Santa Fé; then again the dividing ridge (6000 
feet) between the Rio Grande and Gila, followed the latter to the 
Colorado of the West, and arrived at St. Diego. The botanical 
collections (about 200 species) were examined by Torrey, the 
Cactacee by Dr. Engelmann, and published in Appendix 2 of 
Emory’s Report. A small number of plants was collected by 
Lieut. Abert, amongst which was nothing new. 
Dr. A. Wislizenus, born in Germany, 1810, left St. Louis in the 
spring of 1846, with the intention of traveling in North Mexico 
and Upper California. He undertook the journey at his own ex- 
pense, and war was not yet declared, when he arrived at Chihua- 
hua; but there he was arrested as a spy, and transported to Cosi- 
huirachi, at which place he was left in a “ passive ” condition ; that 
means as to his free will to leave; for, as a collector, he was very 
active on this rich field, where he collected so many species not 
found before. Six months afterwards, Colonel Doniphan’s troops 
occupied that part of the country, and Wislizenus accepted a 
situation in the medical department of the American army, and, 
instead of going westward as he first intended, he followed the 
army to Monterey, and returned via Matamoras to the States. 
He collected a large number of plants. In an Appendix to the 
“ Memoir of a tour to North Mexico in 1846 and 1847, by A. Wis- ` 
lizenus, M. D., printed for the use of the Senate of U. S., the 
botany of the ised country is described by Dr. Engelmann. 
Amongst the new species were over thirty new species of Cactus. 
West Texas was extensively explored since 1835, when Ferdi- 
nand Lindheimer (born in Germany, 1802), settled at New Braun- 
fels, where he lives yet. His large collections were named and 
described by Gray and Engelmann, in Boston Journal of Natural 
History, as Plante Lindheimerianæ, part 1 in 1845, part 11 in 
1847. Many of these plants were shortly afterwards described 
- 
by Scheele, in Linnæa, from a collection brought to Germany by — 
the geologist F. Roemer, who studied the geology of Texas in _ 
1846-1847, and received many specimens from Lindheimer. 
Completed and extended to the whole area of the Rio Grande, 
were these explorations by Gregg and Wright. 
Josiah Gregg, the author of the “ Commerce of the Piai, o 
1844,” made large botanical collections, but died soon era no 
California. 
