140 General Notes. [February, 
athwart and over precipices, which in spring time bear before 
them bridges and valuable property, not to say the lives of man- 
kind. 
This water shed covers an area of 2000 square miles. It com- 
prises not less than five hundred little lakes and lakelets, some of 
which are said to be as large as Cayuga. 4326 feet above the 
sea level a little lake known as “ Tear of the Clouds” starts the 
Hudson marching onward to the sea. 
Here also rise the Moose, Beaver, Oswegatchie, Gross, Ra- 
quette, St. Regis, Salmon, Au Sable, Bouquet rivers and many 
other streams. Could the streams have a uniform flow during 
the year, the volume of water emitted would be enormous for 
economic use. But though violent in time of o they are 
quite low, not to say often nearly dry, in summer tim 
Strange as it may seem, these rivers are in of use as 
bearing ‘rich deposits for the low land, like the Mississippi, Mis- 
souri, etc. The region from whence they emanate is peculiarly 
hostile to cultivation, and has resented all attempts at settlement 
and immigration, and gives no return for the careful sowing of 
seed, 
The waters afford few privileges of navigation to the hewer of 
timber or the excavator of ores in the mountains, They form, 
however, the fishing ground of America, and yield an abundance 
of the best of the finny tribe. Its mission in futurity is now fore- 
told as the solving of the problem of water supply to fifty mil- 
lions of people who may possibly inhabit the Mohawk valley. 
‘or the present it is to gratify the pleasurable longings of man- 
kind. The Empire State has, therefore, two grand water sheds, 
the one for the accumulation of untold wealth and the other 
for its dissipation. But what is an Empire without unlimited 
resources ?— W. H. Ballou} 
Gerotocicar Survey or New ZeaLann.—Dr, Hector’s Progress 
Report for 1878-9, contains a synopsis of the classification of 
the formations of New Zealand, of which we present a summary: 
1. Post-tertiary, including Moa beds, Alluvia and Raised beaches, 
Moraines, etc. 2. Pliocene, 1500 feet, with three divisions, Ter- 
race plains, Pumice sands and Lignites, Kereru Rotella beds, 
etc. 3. Upper Miocene, 500 to 1000 feet, including Wanganani 
beds, Manawatu gorge, Castlepoint, Toerua and Ross, and Waito- 
tara ‘and Awatere beds. In this formation 125 species of Mol- 
lusca have been found, of which 120 are found in the existing s 
seas. 4. Lower Miocene, 1000 to 1500 feet, containing 110 — 
extinct marine forms and 55 existing species; san two, 
Mangapokeha valley and the Taipo Awainoa and Pareora beds. 
K Upper Eocene, 500 to 700 feet, with three dalton. aun Be 
oH enee the valuable assistance of Mr. Chas. Rhodes, a noted od a of 
Oswego, and Prof. - Calvin, of the State — in the preparing: of Kisan = 
+ 
