202 General Notes. [ March, 
In several oom flowers were tied up with sarles which kept insects 
away. Nose 
RERE ‘fertilize Nepeta nuda in the same manner as they do 
z catm 
Mr. Ges ‘Young found that the flowers of Nepeta mussini were 
also proterandrous and that they were fertilized essentially in the 
same way as the two species above mentioned. He sprinkled 
some chalk dust on the back of a bee and soon found that it had 
come back for more honey. Salvia ci ate Teucrium Cana- 
dense, thyme, and motherwort were fertilized in the same manner. 
mber of spikes of Teucrium before flowering were tied 
up in bags. None of these set seeds. Other spikes were tied 
up in a similar way. The latter were several times violently 
shaken without taking off covers. This caused about one- 
fifth of the flowers to set se 
The fertilization of Pax tago boeredae and P. major have before 
been described. e flowers are in spi The pistils appear 
some time before the stamens which-are ‘ode and reach some 
distance up the spike. The pollen is dry and the plant is usually 
described as dependent on the wind for aid in transferring from 
one flower to another. 
Several students have seen honey bees and other wild bees, 
bugs and flies in considerable numbers about the flowers of Plan- 
age lanceolata. These insects, except the bugs, seem to be after 
the pollen 
Mr. Avery covered buds of Asclepias cornuti and they set no 
fruit. Not all insects about this plant aid in the fertilization. He 
saw some insects held fast by pollen which they were not stout 
enough to pull out. Some left their legs and had escaped. Ants 
get fast sometimes. They were seen to liberate their feet with 
their jaws. 
Mr. L. Wilcox found the flowers of the common teasel prote- 
randrous and dependent on various insects for fertilization. 
Mr. H. I. Penoyer finds that the flowers of Mimulus ringens are 
not self- -fertilizing but depend on the aid of insects. Detailed ex- 
periments were made to prove the statement. 
Mr. J. E. Coulter removed the young stamens from flowers of 
Scrophularia nodosa and found that the pistils were fertilized in 
some way by receiving pollen from other flowérs. He also tied 
up some flowers with paper bags and found that they did not set 
fruit. Mr. J. R. Shelton removed the stamens from five opening 
buds, and tied over them a paper bag. After a few days they be- 
gan to enlarge and develop seeds. He covered five buds not ar- 
tificially fertilized and they set no fruit. This plant is proteran- 
drous and well described and i illustrated in Dr. Gray’s neat little 
book, “ How Plants Behave 
r. W. E. Hale found that the flower buds of Campanula ro- 
tundi ifolia all blasted if tied in paper. sacks. It has often been — 
