288 General Notes. [April, 
(3.) The Monotreme-Marsupial line have developed a number 
of foramina in their own special way. 
(4.) The Rodentia have chiefly developed those of the inferior 
part of the squamosal bone, if any.. 
.) The Carnivora commenced with but few foramina, and 
have obliterated these on attaining their highest development. 
(6.) The history of the Quadrumana is identical with that of 
the Carnivora. 
(7.) The Perissodactyla present very few foramina in the lowest 
forms, and did not increase them in the line of the RAinoceride. 
In the line of the horses an increase in their number appeared 
early in geologic time, and is fully maintained in the existing 
species. i nS 
8.) In the Omnivorous division of the Artiodactyla time has 
obliterated all the sinous foramina. In the camels an increased 
number was apparent at the same geologic period as in the history 
of the horses (White River or Lowest Miocene), and has been 
maintained ever since ; while the existing Pecora present a larger 
number of the foramina than any of the class of the Mammata. 
P S a eee 
GENERAL NOTES. 
BOTANY. 
Tue Humsie BEE A DysTELEOLOGIST AMONG ALPINE FLOWER 
Vistrors.—In the interesting article of which this is an abstract, 
Dr. Hermann Miiller considers the disteleological actions of the 
men 
much more comprehensive than Haeckel made it, or, indeed, 
The different living beings of any given place are so variedly 
and closely connected by their mutual relations that a change in — 
the habits of one species is indicated not only by the consequent 
uselessness of its own organs but also by the accompanying, use- 
lessness of those of other species which were closely adapted to it 
under former conditions. e numerous, well-determined mutual 
relations existing between flowers and insects serve especially well 
1«Bombus mastrucatus, ein Dysteleoloz unter den alpinen Blumenbesuchern.” a 
Dr. Hermann Müller, Kosmos, Band III, Heft 6, p. 422: Se gull ent ya ae 
