1880. | Recent Literature. 583 
call the author’s “ Tecknik.” The work of Dr. Packard is the first 
attempt in a general text book on zodlogy to give the young stu- 
dent a good tecknik by pointing out the proper mode of manipu- 
lation by which the best results can be reached. It would add 
much to the value of this part of the book if directions even 
more elaborate were given, and if more attention was given to 
methods of “section cutting ” and staining of tissues. 
he few errors which a hypercritical reviewer may find in the 
book, do not detract from its merits. Several specialists, some 
of whom are themselves teachers in prominent universities, have 
read over the manuscript of the chapters on their respective spe- 
cialties ; their names are sufficient guarantees of the value of the 
work which they have revised. The Coelenterates have not been 
as fortunate in this respect as their no more deserving relatives, ` 
and a few mistakes have crept in. The separation of the sponges 
from the Protozoa is well made, as justified by late researches 
on the anatomy and development of both. The researches of 
Noschin and Metschnikoff (Zeit. J. wiss. Zool, B. xxiv) seem to 
show the worthlessness of the name Ccelenterates as indicating 
Structural differences from the Echinoderms. The affinity of the 
group as pointed out by the elder Agassiz and supported by 
Alex. Agassiz, is the best yet proposed. 
The following corrections, of more or less importance, should 
be made in the book. They are not of such weight as to con- 
demn a work the general plan of which is so good. 
On page 60 the author says, “ Budding occurs in the medusa 
of Sarsia prolifera, the only example known of budding in free 
meduse.” Alex. Agassiz (Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 1x, p. 
12) has shown that budding occurs in the free medusa of Lessza 
grata, also (North American Acalephe, p. 163) in Dysmorphosa 
Julgurans and in Hybocodon prolifer. These meduse are all 
ity, and many species which have been described, as for instance 
two of thé three species of Cyanea, are not “‘ bone species.” 
nema digitalis A. Ag., which can at times be collected by hun- 
reds in a single excursion in Narragansett bay. Cunina is also 
found there but, as in Charleston harbor, is not so numerous. 
here is much obscurity on page 65 in the description of the 
