1880.] List of the Birds of the Willamette Valley, Oregon. 635 
Muscardine in the case of the silk worm, the theory seems 
plausible that we may in time learn on the other hand, how to 
Suppress injurious insects by fostering the growth of parasitic 
fungi which would spread infection among them and carry with it 
disease and death. 
Finally, it must be confessed that the main question at issue is 
by no means decided, perhaps not seriously affected by the ex- 
periments and conclusions which I have here recorded. Though 
the yeast fungus may not be destructive to the insects named, and 
under the given conditions, it may, nevertheless, be destructive to 
other insects, or even to these under other conditions, or if the 
yeast fungus should prove to be wholly worthless and unreliable, 
it does not follow that there are not other forms which may be 
successfully employed as insecticides to the very great advantage 
of our most important national industry. 
6 
LIST OF THE BIRDS OF THE WILLAMETTE VAL- 
LEY, OREGON. 
BY O. B. JOHNSON. 
[Concluded from the Fuly number.} 
49. Powcetes gramineus confinis Bd. (Western grass finch).— 
Common during the summer, breeding extensively with the usual 
habits of the Eastern species. 
41. Chondestes grammicus Say (lark finch).—Sparingly common 
during the summer, and breeding. 
42. Zonotrichia gambeli Nutt. (Western white-crowned finch).— 
A very common summer resident, and nesting familiarly about 
gardens and thickets near dwellings. 
43. Zonotrichia coronata Pall. (golden -crowned sparrow). — 
Sparingly common during summer and undoubtedly breeds, 
though I have not found its nést. 
44. Funco oregonus Town. (Oregon snowbird).— Abundant 
during the winter and a few remaining to breed, the rest probably 
going to the mountains, where I hear of them. I have not yet 
Seen its nest, : 
45. Spizella socialis Wil. (chipping sparrow).—A common sum- 
mer resident, and breeding extensively with the usual habits of 
the species. 
