670 General Notes. [ September, 
dish-brown color. The head is rather large. The head of the 
soldier ant of this family is a marvel for size, being many times 
larger than the abdomen. It is not above working when necessary, 
ut is not commonly seen on the surface. It appears to rule its 
community, and certainly furnishes the brains of the family, in 
bulk, at least. In battle it is a very Ajax. It is a ferocious, mur- 
derous warrior. A war between them is a terrible thing in a 
small way. They cut each other in two and yet continue to fight. 
have on my table, now, a pair whose abdomens have been 
cut off just back of the posterior pair of legs, so that they run 
about without any apparent embarrassment. A few moments since 
I placed them near each other. They gave every sign of undi- 
minished rage and courage and flew at each other as if in the best 
condition. And, as I write, one of these bodiless heads is actually 
walking off with the other. hese unconquerable contestants, 
were taken from formicaries about fifty feet apart. Under a goo 
objective these heads exhibit the characteristic striæ of Pogone- 
myrmex crudelis Forel,as I am informed by Mrs. Treat, an ex- 
cellent authority. 
The males and females are several times larger than the work- 
ers. I should think the female would outweigh forty of the little 
fellows. Though bothered with wings, the females are at this 
moment diligently excavating, in a small artificial formicary in 
which, as yet, I have placed no soldiers, but workers and females 
only. I have made many interesting notes concerning these 
strangers, which I may hereafter give to the public. I have sent 
specimens to Dr. Forel, who informs me that they belong to 4 
variety of Pheidole pennsylvanica. 
The rejected husks of seed carried out and piled up by their 
doorways first called my attention to them and revealed to me 
their character. It would seem that they do their house cleaning in 
the latter part of June, to be ready for harvesting the new crop © 
grass and other seed now ripening. Here and there, however, a 
careful eye may detect signs of some later work in husks just 
brought from below. Grass, clover, sorrel or other seed put near 
them will be seized and carried below with evident eagerness. 
They have a violent antipathy to the little yellow ant—the pest 
of the pantry—a fact which may be used in recognizing them. 
Place a piece of cake full of the yellow ones near any formicary 
supposed to belong to the harvester and, if the supposition is cor- 
rect, you will have the pleasure of seeing the big-headed soldiers 
rushing out with gaping mandibles eayer to crush the tiny foe, 
and prevent the threatened invasion—Rev. G. K. Morris, Vine- 
land, N. F. a 
BUDDING IN FREE Mepus#.—In a review of Packard’s Zoölogy 
by J. W. F. in the August number of the NaruraLisr, the follow- 
ing passage occurs: “On page 6o the author says, ‘ Budding 
