Chap. IV. tif M E%^I C A. u^| 



hundred and fifty thoufand Ducats, Su'd the Buyer, upoq pretence that he 'had fold 

 it above one half under the value : whileft this was depending, Peter Ferdinando de 

 Valafco came from Mexico to Guamanga, to make trial of the cleanfincr of Silver by 

 Quickfilver, and finding it to fucceed according to his expectation, he fent great 

 quantities of it to Arica, and from thence by Land to Potofu The King of Spain is 

 laid to receive from this Mine of GuancaVelica,M his Charges defray 'd,abovc a thou- 

 fand Pound per Anmmiot his ulual fifth part : But theantient Natives regarded not 

 thefe Mines fo much for the Quickfilver as for the Vermilion which is found mix'd 

 with it, wherewith they delighted very much to paint their Bodies: There is 

 great Art now us'd in the fcparating of the Quickfilver from the Vermilion. 



This Town was long fince inhabited by two thoufand Spaniards at leaft and 

 twice as many Natives. 



7. Qufco, which is the Metropolis of the Kingdom of Peru, built on a hard 

 Ground, furrounded with Mountains, under a cold, yet wholfom Climate, and 

 wafh'd by two Rivers, which on the Eaft fide of Cufco parting, one runs direcT; 

 Weft, and the other Southward. One part of the City antiently bore the Denomi- The brjgind 

 nation of Haran-Cufco, and the fecond, Oren-Cufco, where the chief Nobility and tf*. r 

 mod antient Families dwelt. Concerning the original of this Place, the Peruvians 

 lay, That feveral Ages paft there appear'd three Men, call'd Ayrache, Aranca, and 

 Ajarmango, and with them three Women, nam'd Mamacola, Mamacona, and Mamara- 

 gua, all of them very richly Clothe ; that Ay ache had a Precious Stone at the end 

 of a Truncheon, which by holding up he rais'd the Mountains to the Skies, and 

 when he let it fall, levell'd them with the loweft Valleys : Aranca and Ajarmango 

 concluded to build a ftately City, and fent for People from remote Countries to 

 iahabit it j with which Defign the Natives thereabouts feem'd to be well pleas'd : 

 but before they went to work they judg'd it convenient to deftroy Ayrache, whofe 

 great Power they envy'd : This bciag refolv'd upon, they invited him to a deep 

 narrow-mouth'd Cave, that there they might worfliip the Sun his Father (for fo 

 Defcended he took upon him to be), he was no fooner entred but the reft fliut the 

 Mouth of the Cave with great Stones, hoping fo to ftarvc him to death i which 

 Ayrache obferving, ftood amaz'd a while, till at laft he threw ofFall the Stones, and 

 flew with great and divers colour'd Wings up into the Air, crying aloud, Fear not, 

 Aranca and Aj&xmango, though you have defign nd to take a\vay my Life, but build a City in 

 this place, and call it Cufco ; for in itjhalljtand the Seat of the Ingas, under TbbofeJurifdiCti* 

 on extending far and near, many great Rations Jhall bom* The Temple lohich the Gods have there 

 defign d floall not onely exceed all other Structures in the World, in Art and Cojllinejs \ but be famous 

 for ftrange Offerings to the Sun. If the Citizens build Altars for me ,bum Myrrh>and make Offer* 

 ings to me, they may certainly expeft to Van^uifi? all their Enemies, and increafe their Power. 

 According to my Example bore Holes through your Ears, as a fign of Obedience. All which 

 Aranca, Ajar mango, and the forc-mention'd Women promis'd to perform. Where- 

 upon Ayrache gave them a rich Diadem with a Taffel, which was to be the Head- 

 Ornament of the fucceeding lngas ; which they had no fooner receiv'd, but Ayrache 

 and Aranca were turn'd into Stones, yet retaining their former (hape -, which Ajar- 

 mango obferving, fell ftraight, together with the three Women, upon building the 

 City Cufco. After the Deluge breaking out of the Hole Tambo,\\t chang'd his Name of 

 Ajarmango for Mangocapa, that is, Mighty Lord, and made himfelf, as they fay, the firft 

 Peruvian King. The City Cufco was divided into four Wards, the Eaft call'd Andofayo, 

 the South Callafayo the North, Chinchafuyo, and the Weft Condefayo, every one one fo 

 call'd from the Countreys, to which the Gates of the four Wards are oppos'd. 



If any one coming out of another Countrey, fetled himfelf in Qufco, as it hapned 



daily, 







1 



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I 



