Chap. VII. AMERICA. .503 



forthwith for the erecting of his new City there, giving to each of his Followers a 

 place to build on : the Jefuits chofe the large Plain where at prefent Hands the 

 Church Confecratcd to the Virgin Mary ; the Names of the faid Jefuits were Juan 

 J%pUcueta y Antonio Pirco, Leonardo Nonnio, r Didaco Jacobeo, Vincentio Q{oderigo, and Emanuel 

 T<Lobrega - y whileft the common People fet themfelves to the building of Dwelling- 

 houfes : But when John the Third, King of Portugal, fent a Prieft thither to Teach 

 in the new Church of Maria, the fore- mentioned y^/a/fr remov'd from thence to a 

 high Hill, which they call'd The Mountain Caharien, whither divers Srafilians came 

 flocking, and pitch'd their Tents about the Cloyfter, admiring their ftrange Neigh- 

 bors. 



When Sofa Landed. on the forc-mention'd Shore, the Portuguefc had but little 

 footing on America • for their Plantations at IJleos, St. Vincent, Pernambuco, Villa Veja y 

 Itamaraca, and Porto Seguro, difcover'd by Pedro Mvares Capralis, Anno 1500. were run 

 all to ruine. 



Befide the City St. Salvador and the decay'd Town Villa Veja, the City Paripe 

 lies three Leagues farther into the Countrey, confiding of three thoufand Families, 

 and eighteen Sugar-Mills: The Countrey about the fame produces plenty of 

 Cotton. 



The Ifland Taperica, which is pretty large, hath a fertile Soil for the production 

 of Tobacco, and Grafs to fatten Cattel : The Inhabitants boyl much Train-Oyl 

 of the Whales, which come afhore there in confiderablc numbers. 



Twelve Leagues Southward from St. Salvador appears the Village Cacocheira, for- 

 merly. belonging to a rich Portuguefe, who took great pains in reforming the fal- 

 vage People Guaymures to a civil Life 5 but feeing he profited but little, he caus'd 

 great Companies of them to be remov'd toTaperica, that they might do lefs mif- 

 chief, where the unufual and unwhulfom Ah kill'd them all in a (hort time. 



The Lordfliip Balria hath abundance of Sugar-Mills, which are either turn'd by 

 the Water, or drawn by Oxen. 



The Sugar-Canes, by the Brafilians call'd Viba or Tacomaree>gxow better in a clayie ™p™™ r 

 and fat Soil, over which the Rivers flowing leave their Mud, than on Highlands, $m««cwa 

 Hills, or Mountains 5 they are Planted after this mariner \ They firft plough their 

 Fields, weed them, and make Holes at an exacl: diftance one from the other, into 

 which they plant their Canes in fuch a manner, that the tops touch one another. 

 The Holes before mention'd require more Earth to fill them in Summer than in 

 Winter, that the violent Heat of the Sun may not dry up the Root, and that the 

 Rain may the freelier come at them to moiften them, for the more moifture they 

 have, the better they grow ; they attain to their full ripenefs in ten, oratmoft in 

 twelve Moneths ; February and March being the two lad Winter Moneths, are ac- 

 counted the beft to Plant in, becaufe the Earth foftned by Rains, fuffers the Root 

 to {hoot forth the better. The ripe Canes being cut off, are left in the Field till the 

 following Year ; during which time new Canes growing, are often ground in the 

 Mill with the old ones i but if they ftand two years, then the fweet Liquor dries 

 up, and the Cane withers. The young Plants carefully planted in good Ground 

 may laft forty, nay fifty years • but in a barren Soil they fet new every five years. 

 Sometimes in great Droughts and extraordinary hot Seafons, the Canes are fcorcht 

 to nothing, which being burnt in the Winter, the Afhes ferve to Dung the Ground; 

 and fo in like manner when the Water, overflowing the Fields, drowns the young 

 Plants. In moid Grounds the black-wing'd Worm, call'd Guirapeacopa, (by the Por* The w orm 

 tuguefe nam'd Pao de Galeuba) gnaws the Roots in fuch a manner, that the Canes 

 die 5 and fometimes it happens alfo that the Weeds choak the young Plants; 



A a a z wherefore 







