Chap. VII. *A M E%^I C A. 505 



do into the great, the Liquor would be quite fpoil'd. In their Boyling.houfes 

 ftand feveral hundreds of Earthen Pots one by another on Planks full of Holes . 

 which Pots they cover with moift clay, and after fourteen days knocking it out of 

 the Pots, they feparate the brown Sugar from the white, both which arc laid to 

 dry in the Sun, and put into Chefts. 



Sect. VIII. 



Pernambuco. 



)rthward from fBahiade Todos los Santtos lies Pcrnambuco t which extends along DefCon 

 the Coaft above feventy Leagues, between the River St. Francifco and the ti n ** m ' 

 Countrey of Hanwaca. 

 Pernambuco, which fignifies HeUs*Moutb, is on the Eaft wafh'd by the Northern 

 Ocean . in which grows a Weed much like an Oaken Leaf, and fo thick, that un- 

 lefs it be cut to make their Way, impedes the Sailing of Ships. 



The Sea is alfo very full of Fifli, which in calm Weather are vifible fixty Fathom sev^i &>«. 

 deep, and are taken in greater abundance than they are able to fpend ; for they no ° f Flftl * 

 fooner letdown a Bait, covcr'd with Feathers and Tallow, but the Fifli immedi- 

 ately fwallowing the fame, are taken. 



Here are in the firft place abundance of Bays, a Fifh fo rank and oylie, that they 

 are not eatable, but their Brains are accounted good againft the Stone. 



There are alfo hereabouts a fort of flying Fifli like Herrings, but not fo big ; 

 they have Wings like Bats, which carry them above Water whileft they areSvet ; 

 they fwim in (hoals, and are chafed by all other Fillies, which endeavoring to 

 efcape by flight out of the Water, they become a prey to the Sea-pies. 



The Sea^Sreams areas well tafted as the flying Fifli $ the Mariners cover them 

 in Salt, or ftuffthem within full of Salt and Pepper, and fo hang them to dry in 

 the Sun. 



Pernambuco it felf lying in five Degrees Southward from the Equinox, produces 

 abundance of ISrafile Wood and Sugar-Canes, which laft is no proper Brafilian 

 Plant, for the firft Plants thereof were by the fjortuguefe firft transplanted thither ' 

 from the Canary Iflands. V *' * 



This Countrey was firft difcover'd by jimericus Vefputius, who being fertt thither Firft Difco. 

 by Emanuel, King of Portugal, to difcover the Coaft between th^Promontory before 

 Olinda and the Ifland Itamaraca, and finding a fplit Rock and fome Brafilian Huts, 

 f*anded, and ask'd the J>enomination of the Coaft, which he was inform'd was 

 call'd Pernambuco, which he found full of fteep Mountains, inacceffible Woods, and 

 in fome places Plains and pleafant Valleys ; but the chiefeft thing he could find to 

 lade his Ship with, was Brafde Wood, but being inform'd that the Soil would 

 bear Sugar-Canes, he caus'd Canary Sugar-Plants to be Set there. 



Olinda, formerly the chief City of Pernambuco, had (according to Lopez) above chief Towns 

 three thoufand Houfes and feventy Sugar-Mills : It is built on feveral Hills, which n° tff . 

 on the North-fide are fteep and overgrown with Brambles ^ betwixt which in ma- 

 ny places grow Orange.Trees. John TSle'tokof, who arriv'd at Olinda Anno 16*42. 

 found a few Ifytherlanders and Spaniards there, who dwelt in the ruin'd Houfes. 

 The Land-fide of the City is ftrengthned by Hills overgrown with Brambles and 

 Thorns, and towards the Sea^fide with Earthen Walls, fortifi'd by fourteen Bul- 

 warks and a Stone Caftle, able to withftand a confiderable force : The Out. works 

 towards the South were maintained by Jen>s, who from the fore-mention'd Hills 



Aaa 3 could* 





