PEEFACE. 





It will be necessary to say a few words regarding the orthography foliowed in the 

 following dictionary, and the sources from which information has been derived in making 

 the compilation of tjie work. 



That systera has been adhered to, as nearly as possible, which has been foliowed by 

 Marsden in his Malayan Dictionary and gram mar, which is explained in the prefaces to 

 those works , and which was originally laid down by Sir William Jones for oriental 

 languages. The chief features of whieh for facility of reference are now here repeated. 



ïhe Vowels have therefore the power which is generally aseribed to them on the 

 Continent of Europe. 



A is generally sounded full , as in the French , Italian , Dutch and other languages 

 Gf the Continent of Europe, and as in the English words hard, ballast, hammer; but in 

 many words the pronunciation is not broader than in harm , farm, barn , man. Examples 

 in the Dutch are balie, kamer, ballast — and band, hand, rand and man. 



In a few cases where the a has an unexpected stress, it has been distinguished by 

 a, as in Tabeng, to draw a distinction with Tabeng, which though only slightly differing 

 in sound has a different meaning. 



A is not, under any circumstances to be pronouneed as in the English words Paper, 

 nation, fate, where it usurps the province of the second vowel in every other language 

 that employs the Roman alphabet. 



E has been invariably accented é or ë, which was necessary to avoid confusion. è is 

 pronouneed as in the French été , épé ; the English bet , lend , send, and the first e in 

 b etter , letter, seven — or in the first e of the Dutch words ketel, ketter, beier, and in 

 ketting. As e in the final e in the English b etter , harder, and in herd , and in the Dutch 

 berde, derde, zerk. 



1 as in the Italian long i, or as the English ee in been , seen, tree, green and e in 

 he, she, be , or as in the English pill, still, will. The long English sound of i in loine 

 fine, high, is not that of a simple vowel, but of the dipthong ai. Our sound of i is heard 

 in the Dutch words bidden, bril, brigade, pil, pilaar, rilling. 



O as in English no , so , port, moment, and Dutch boter, bos, bot, pot. 



U is to be sounded as in rule , ruin, obirude , or with less risk of uncertainty, as the 



