THLASPI ARVENSE. PENNY-CRESS. 
THLASPI Lin. Gen. Pl. TETRADYNAMIA SILICULOSA. 
Silicula emarginata, obcordata, polyfperma, valvulis navicularibus, mar- 
ginato-carinatis. 
Rad Syn. Gen. 21. Herpa& TETRAPETALA SILIQUOS ET SILICULOS &. 
THLASPI arven/e filiculis orbiculatis, foliis oblongis dentatis glabris. Lin. Sy/t. Veget. ed. 14. f. 587. 
Spec. Pl. goi. Fl. Suec. 574. 
NASTURTIUM filiquis orbiculatis, planis, foliis oblongis, dentatis, glabris. Hall. Hf. 511. 
THLASPI arvenfe. Scop. Fl. Carn. n. 810. 
THLASPI arvenfe filiquis latis. Bauh. f. 105. 
THLASPI Diofcoridis. Ger. emac. 262. Drabe folio. Park. 836. Raw Syn. 305. Treacle-Mutftard. 
Penny-Crefs. Hud/. Fl. Angl. 281. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. 340. 

RADIX annua, fufiformis, fubramofa, lignofa, al- B ROOT annual, tapering, fomewhat branched, woody, 
bida. 6 and whitifh. 
CAULIS pedalis et ultra, ere&tus, multangulus, tere- ¢ STALK a foot or more in height, upright, multangu- 
tufculus, fuperne ramofus, ramis paucis, 4 lar, roundifh, above branched, the branches 
caule brevioribus, erectis, fubarcuatis. à few, fhorter than the ftalk, upright, bending 
à a little inwards. 
FOLIA alterna, oblonga, obtufiufcula, remote den- ¢ LEAVES alternate, oblong, a little blunt, diflantly 
tata, dentibus apice albidis, bafi fagittata, : toothed, the teeth whitifh at the tip; arrow- 
fupra viridia, fubtus glaucefcentia. fhaped at the bafe, above green, beneath 
fomewhat glaucous. 
FLORES racemofi, parvi. 6 FLOWERS fmall, growing in racemi. 
PEDUNCULI alterni, fere horizontales, uniflori. 9 FLOWER-STALKS alternate, nearly horizontal, 
one-flower'd. 
CALYX: PeriantrHium tetraphyllum ; foliolis $ CALYX: a PERIANTHIUM of four leaves, the leaves 
ovatis, concavis, acutiufculis, margine alba, 4 ovate, concave, fomewhat pointed, the edge 
membranacea, jg. 1. $ white, and membranous, jig. 1. 
COROLLA: PzrALA 4, calyce duplo longiora, re- 9 COROLLA: 4 PrrArs, twice the length of the ca- 
tufa, alba, jig. 2. au&t. fiz. 3. lyx, very flightly notched at the end, and 
hi white, fg. 2. magnified, jig. 2. 
STAMINA: Fitamenra fex, fubulata, albida, duo STAMINA: Six FILAMENTS, tapering, whitifh, two 
OOD 
breviora, ANTHER flave, minute, fig. 4. à) fhorter than the reft; Au Tun x yellow and 
auct. jig. 6. $ minute ; fig. 4. magn. jig. 6. 
PISTILLUM : GERMEN rotundatum ; Styuus bre- i PISTILLUM : Gerrmen rounded; STYLE very 
viffimus; Sricma obtufum, jig. 5. auct. fig. 7. 9 fhort; Sticma obtufe, jig. 5. magn. fig. 7. 
PERICARPIUM : SiLicuLA pedunculi ionge ? SEED-VESSEL: a SinicuLE the length of the 
latiffima, orbicularis, profunde emarginata, flower-ftalk, very broad, orbicular, deeply 
medio utrinque convexiufcula, ad latera 5 notched, a little convex in the middle on 
alata, compreffa, bilocularis, jig. 8, 10. each fide; the fides winged and flat, bilo- 
cular, fig. 8, 10. 
SEMINA utrinque 4 ad 9, fub-compreffa, fuborbicu- ¢ SEEDS in each cell from 4 to 9, fomewhat flattened, 
oD 
Oo? 
laria, parallele lineata, glabra, rufa, fig. 12. 1 and orbicular, marked with parallel lines, 
6 fmooth, of a reddifh brown colour, jig. 12. 
DISSEPIMENTUM lanceolatum, acutum, jg. 11. 2 PARTITION lanceolate, pointed, jig. 11. 
VALVUL naviculares, jg. 9. à VALVES boat-fhaped, jg. 9. 
The Thla/pi arvenfée is fcarcely entitled to a place in the Flora Londinenfs, as we have only feen a few acci- 
dental plants of it growing near the Spaniards, Hampftead- Heath. | 
Ray informs us, that it is found in the fields about Worming ford in Effex plentifully, as alfo at St. O/th 
in Tendring Hundred, at Stone in Staffordfhire, and Saxmundham in Suffolk; to thefe habitats we may add, 
on the authority of Dr. GoopnzNoucn, Broughton Pogges in Oxfordfhire, in the corn fields near which it is 
found in abundance. 
It flowers the beginning of Zune, and the feeds are ripe by the end of the month; hence they are not liable 
to mix and be ground with our corn, to the flower of which they might communicate the tafte of garlic, which 
the plant is faid to give to the milk of fuch cattle as feed on it. 
. Itis obvioufly diftinguifhed, as Ray has obferved, from all our plants of the fame genus, by its fmoothnefs, 
and large flat round pods, whence it has very properly been called Penny-cre/s : HArrER judicioufly obferves, 
that the true feed-veffel is in the centre, and that 1t owes its extraordinary breadth to winged appendages, which 
Tournerort has admirably well exprefled. 
The feeds are faid to produce twice as much oil as linfeed. 
This fpecies and the Thla/pc Camfeftre are ufed indifcriminately in medicine; the feeds, more efpecially thofe 
of the prefent plant, have an acrid biting tafte, approaching to that of the common muftard, with which they 
agree nearly in their pharmaceutical properties, their pungent matter being totally extracted by water, only 
partially by re&ified fpirit, and being elevated by water in diftillation. They have joined to their acrimony 
an unpleafant flavour, fomewhat of the garlic or onion kind, and this they give out to fpirituous as well as 
watery menftrua ; they are rarely made ufe of any otherwife than as ingredients in the compofitions whofe names 
they bear, though fome recommend them in different difeafes preferably to the common muftard. Lewis 
M. Med. 647. 
