TRIFOLIUM ScABRUM. Rovcu TREFOIL. 
TRIFOLIUM Linn. Gen. Pi. 
Flores fubcapitati. Cz 
hifcens, deciduum. 
Rau Syn. Gen. 23. Hera 
DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA. 
pfila vel Legumen vix calyce longius, non de- 
FLORE PAPILIONACEO SEU LEGUMINOS&. 
TRIFOLIUM /cabrum capitulis feffilibus lateralibus ovatis, calycibus ineequalibus rigidis perfiflentibus, 
Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 3. p. 1084. 
TRIFOLIUM /cabrum capitulis feffilibus lateralibus ovatis, calycis laciniis inzequalibus rigidis recurvis, 
Linn. Syfl. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. | Scopol 
jegss: 
FI. Carn. ed, 2. 5. 81. Hudf. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. 
TRIFOLIUM caulibus proftratis, capitulis ovatis, in alis feffilibus, calycibus rigidis, fegmentis rectis. 
Hall. Hif. Helv. n, 371. 
TRIFOLIUM flofculis albis, in glomerulis 
ed. 3. p. 329. Vall. Par, t. 
oblongis afperis, cauliculis proxime adnatis. Ra yz. 
33: ft. 
j : : NON 
RADIX annua, fibrofa. 
CAULES ex eadem radice plures, procumbentes, 
triunciales ad femipedales et ultra in planta 
culta, teretes, flexuofi, pilis longis fubappreffis 
ROOT annual and fibrous. 
STALKS many from the fame root, procumbent, 
from three to fix inches in length or more 
in the cultivated plant, round, crooked, co- 
vefliti, ramofi. vered with long hairs fomewhat preffed to it, 
branched. 
LEAVES various in the fame plant, the lower ones 
for the moft part inverfely ovate, obtufe, the 
upper ones ovate, and pointed, hairy like the 
ftalk, terminating in a fhort point, flightly 
toothed, veins near the margin on the upper 
fide unufually prominent. 
TIPUL rib'd, long-pointed, ftreaked with red. 
LOWERS fmall, white, narrow, growing in little 
heads, which are ovate, feffile, and lateral. 
CALYX: a Pertanruium of one leaf, tubular, di- 
vided imto five fegments, villous, in the 
flowering plant coloured with red, the feg- 
ments fomewhat large, lanceolate, nearly 
firaight, the two uppermoft ones fmalleft, 
when the flowering is over fpreading and 
fomewhat bent back, a little rigid, the tube 
grooved, fig. 1. 
COROLLA papilionaceous; STANDARD nearly 
ftraight, obtufe; Wines a little fhorter than 
the ftandard, obtufe; Kxzr the length nearly 
of the wings, jig. 2. 
STAMINA: ten white capillary Firaments; Aw- 
THER yellow. 
PISTILLUM: GznMzN oblong, green; Srvzz the 
length of the flamina; Stigma forming a 
little head. 
SEMINA intra calycem nervofum folitaria, lutea, 0 SEEDS one within each rib'd calyx, yellow, oval, and 
ovalia, nitida. Q gloffy. 
'$ 
: 
| 
FOLIA in eadem planta varia, inferiora plerumque 
obovata, obtufa, fuperiora ovata, acuta, uti 
caulis pilofa, mucrone terminata, fubdenti- 
culata, venis ad marginem fuperne preter 
morem prominentibus, 
STIPUL/E nervofze, acuminate, rubro ftriate, 
-FLORES albi, parvi, angufli, capitati, capitulis ovatis, 
feffilibus, lateralibus. 
CALYX: PrRiaNTHIUM monophyllum, tubulatum, 
quinquefidum, villofum, in florefcente planta 
rubedine tinctum, laciniis majufculis, lanceo- 
latis, rectiufculis, duabus fuperioribus minori- 
bus, peracta florefcentia reflexo-patulis, rigi- 
dulis, tubus fulcatus, fig. 1. 
S 
F 
COROLLA papilionacea; VzrxirruM reciufculum, 
obtufum ; Arx vexillo paulo breviores, ob- 
tufz ; Carina longitudine fere alarum, fg. 2. 
STAMINA: FirawENTA 10, capillaria, alba; Awn- 
THER.E flava. 
PISTILLUM : Germen oblongum, viride; Srvrvus 
longitudine ftaminum; ST1GMA capitatum. 
LOLOL OL OL OL OLS OC CO WOXOXO OO» Oxo» 
The Trifolium feabrum is a plant found in many parts of Europe, growing in open fituations, and particularly 
affe€ting chalky, or calcareous foils; we have not obferved it nearer London than the neighbourhood of 
Croydon ; it grows abundantly in the Ifle of Shepey ; is found alfo between Northfleet and Gravefend, and in 
- various parts of the kingdom. 
It takes its name of /cabrum from the roughnefs of its heads, a charaGter not altogether peculiar to this 
fpecies. 
It flowers in June and July, and grows readily from feeds. 
The Calyces, which are tinged with red when the plant is in flower, become afterwards green. 
In the fpring ofthe year, while the plant is young, the foliage is remarkably pretty; the veins on the upper 
fide of the leaf near the margin, which are unufually prominent, being then molt confpicuous. 
“Ray has pointed out the leading features of this plant with his ufual acumen; and VAiLLANT, in his 
Botan, Parif. has given a good figure of it; the hairinefs on the flalk is, however, fomewhat too ftrongly 
exprelfed. ) 
It differs from the Trifolium glomeratum, already figured (with which it has fome affinity) in a variety of 
particulars ; in the g/omeratum the heads are round, in the carum they are ovate; in the glomeratum the whole 
plant is {mooth, in the /caórum it is hairy; in the g/omeratum the flowers are red, in this they are white; in the 
- glomeratum the leaves are ftrongly toothed, here they are faintly fo; there is a confiderable difference alfo in 
the fegments of the calyx, which deferves a particular attention, as the fpecific defcription of Hatter and 
Linn aus taken from this part are greatly at variance; the former defcribes them as flraight (reéizs) obferving 
that they differ in that from thofe of the g/omeratum ; the latter defcribes them as bent back (recwruis); the 
fact is, when the plant is in flower, which is the period when it is generally fuppofed to be defcribed, unlefs 
otherwile mentioned, the fegments of the calyx are ftraight, or nearly fo; when out of bloom they bend back, 
as VAILLANT has reprefented them; in the g/omeratum they bend back at a more early period, 
more evidently recurved. 
From Mr. Apams, of Pembroke, we received feeds of this plant growing on the fea-coaft, which he 
fufpetted to be different from ours; on culture, it proved the fame, varying fomewhat in fuperiority of fize 
and roughnefs. 
and always are 
