1877.] Geology and Paleontology. 311 
praiseworthy feature of this treatise. In the Bulletin, page 113, is a 
communication from E. T. Hamy, on The Negritos of Borneo, which 
also refers to authorities, and is accompanied by two tables, one of 
cranial and the other of facial measurements. A paper in the Bulletin, 
page 145, upon excavations in the dolmen of l Aumède (Lozere), is in- 
teresting on account of a discussion which grew out of it with reference 
to cremation in dolmens of this description, and evidences of syphilis. — 
O. T. Mason. 
GEOLOGY AND PALÆONTOLOGY. 
Tae Discovery or LæLArs IN Montana. — The carnivorous Di- 
nosauria were the largest and most formidable flesh-eating animals that 
ever lived on the earth, the Oarnivora of the present day being com- 
paratively insignificant. In the Triassic period the gigantic Bathygna- 
thus reduced the numbers of the reptilian life; and in the Jurassic the 
equally huge Megalosaurus devoured the herbivorous Iguanodon, ete. 
In North America the last of these saurian faune is abundantly repre- 
sented in the lignitic beds of the West. Professor Cope has discovered 
during the past season numerous species of Lelaps, some of which were 
of gigantic size. One of these (Z. incrassatus) is represented in his col- 
lections by a large part of an under-jaw, which is rarely preserved in 
this class of animals, but three or four others having been heretofore 
discovered. This animal was about the same size as the New Jersey 
Lelaps, but more robust. Several smaller species were obtained. 
HE Sea SERPENTS OF THE CRETACEOUS PERIOD. — At one of the 
recent lectures of the course of the Philadelphia Zodlogical society, Pro- 
fessor Cope exhibited the greater part of the skeleton of a new species of 
Elasmosaurus. The length of the vertebral column is about forty feet, 
and several feet of vertebra are wanting. e neck constitutes about 
half of the total length. The paddles of both pairs are preserved, which 
is not the case with any other specimen known. They prove to be rela- 
tively short, agreeing in this point and in the superior size of the front 
pair with a restoration he had published some years ago. The speci- 
men was found in Nebraska, and the species was named Elasmosaurus 
serpentinus. 
Professor Cope also stated that he had obtained on the Upper Missouri, 
during his expedition of the past year, a large part of the vertebral col- 
umn of the Elasmosaurus orientalis, from beds corresponding with those 
m which he had originally found it in New Jersey. This species also 
has an enormous neck, and was of more robust proportions than the 
E. serpentinus. ) 
Tue DENTITION or THE HERBIVOROUS DINOSAURIA br THE LIGNIT- 
IO PERIOD. — Afa pécetit meeting of the American Philosophical So- 
ciety, Professor Cope exhibited portions of the skulls of several herbiv- 
Orous Dinosauria, the huge land reptiles that during the lignitic period 
in North America took the place of the mastodons and elephants of later 
