740 Concerning Two Divisions of Indians. [December, 
close to their crops to keep off rats or rabbits ; for if their crops are 
destroyed, so dry and barren is the surrounding country that it 
affords few other natural products. On the other hand, the 
Apache lives in a country of mountains that yield game of all 
sorts, also seeds, roots, and fruit, with small but rich valleys in 
which he plants a little corn, wheat, etc. He need not stay close 
at hand to look after his crop, as nothing destroys it. He can 
roam and find plenty to eat until his crop is ready to harvest. 
Thus the Aztec is a wanderer, while the Toltec is a dweller in 
communities. 
In comparing the asserted high civilization of the Indians at 
the period of the Spanish conquest with their present condition, 
we see a great difference, which can only be understood after 
taking into consideration the nature and productions of the 
soil, their want of domestic animals, cutting-tools, their means of 
cultivation of soil and their manufactures. One can come to no 
other conclusion than that the Aztec division in past years was the 
same as at the present day, with the exception of slight modifi- | 
cation caused by wars and mixtures of the two divisions. The 
men of the Aztec division are lazier than those of the Toltec divis- 
ion, making their females do nearly all the work, while the Toltee 
takes a greater share of the work upon himself. The Aztec 
seems to have little power of thinking, makes no progress nor 
effort to amend his life, is fearless of death, bravely submits to 
his inevitable fate, and with stolid indifference awaits the swiftly 
coming doom of his people. The Spaniards made a mistake in 
confounding the two divisions. The Toltecs being the most in- 
dustrious had more wealth and better dwellings, and were entitled 
to much consideration ; but the Spaniards say less of them than 
of the inferior Aztecs. 
The missionaries of the Catholic church, more than all other 
causes combined, changed the mental and physical condition of 
the Indians by humbling them to that state of servitude required 
by them to be members of that church: they broke their native 
pride, and those who succumbed to that degraded condition of set- 
tlers around a mission lost all self-reliance, so that at the expul- 
sion of the Jesuits and the abandoning of the missions they were 
left helpless, their spirits broken ; those who robbed them of their 
means of self-reliance had gone ; after their homes and lands had oo. 
been taken from them those who were left became an easy prey t0 | 
the avaricious, who easily got them in debt, and then by a law of 
their own creating ever after held these people and their descend- 
