1877.) Recent Literature. NOS 
Orotherium Marsh, and Hyracotherium Owen (to which latter Cope 
refers Orohippus Marsh). Hyracotherium has several near allies, both in 
the Old World and the New, and is here treated not only as a Perissodac- 
tyl, but is considered as having ancestral relations to the Equine series. 
Passing over the interesting Review of the Characteristics of the 
Vertebrate Fauna of the Wahsatch Eocene of New Mexico (pp. 269- 
2), we have space for only a very brief notice of the chapter devoted to 
the fossils of the “ Loup Fork Epoch.” Among these are described two 
species of tortoise ( Testudo), and one bird referred to the genus Vultur. 
Of the mammalia three are Rodents, three Carnivora (one referred to 
Putorius and two to Canis, one of the latter, C. ursinus, as large as the 
black bear), one Proboscidian (Mastodon productus), four Perissodactyls, 
and eleven Artiodactyls. The latter belong chiefly to the cameline 
group (genera Merychyus Leidy, Procamelus Leidy, and Phliauchenia 
Cope) and partly to the peculiar deer-antelope type here referred to 
Dicrocerus Lartet (Merycodus and Corsoryx Leidy),a probable progeni- 
tor of the deer tribe (Cervide). 
The Loup Fork beds have been commonly viewed as representative 
of the Pliocene of France, although their exact synchronism has been 
considered as doubtful. Professor Cope believes that the general facies 
of thé Loup Fork fauna indicate an earlier age than this, and that the- 
Pliocene of America remains yet to be defined. The Loup Fork fauna 
is characterized by an absence of fishes and crocodiles, from which it is 
inferred that the “formation is that of a marsh and not of a lake.” The 
fauna has been studied at three widely separated localities in the region 
west of the Mississippi River, between the strata of which there is a near 
lithological resemblance, and the fauna collectively presents a common 
character as distinguished from that which preceded and followed. It is 
hence isolated alike from the Quaternary and the White River epochs, 
Only three of the genera have living Repo cormtattes one of T 
( Canis) also occurs in the White River beds. 
In conclusion may be noted the growing tendency to a recognition of 
the generic identity of a considerable proportion of the Lertiary genera 
of North America with their European representatives of approximately 
eee age. 
E Witp FLOWERS or America, Part II.!— The second part of 
the wiih work includes plates of Jris versicolor L., the common blue 
flag; Rudbeckia columnaris Pursh, the columnar,cone-flower ; Viola sagit- 
_ tata Aiton, the arrow-leaved violet, accompanied by a figure of Carex 
eo Pennsyloanica Lam. ; and Steironema lanceolatum Gray, the lance-leaved 
trife. The latter plant is more familiar to our botanists under the 
older name of Lysimachia lanceolata, The four plates are beautifully 
1 The Wild Flowers of America. Part II. Illustrations by Isaac Spracur: Text 
by Georer L. Goonatr, M. D., Assistant Professor of Vegetable Physiology, and In- 
_ Structor in Botany, in Harvard University. Boston : H. O. Houghton & Co.; New 
- York: ais Hogia 
i 
