EAST COAST OF ENGLAND. 19 



first at 5tli Buoy, Tees l.v., on Aug. 18th, great many, and sub- 

 sequently, up to end of first week in September, large numbers at 

 several stations observed passing along east coast southward. 

 At Spurn, on Sept. 14th, passed in thousands, and still far from 

 scarce on 17th. From Heligoland Mr. Gatke reports, under date 

 Sept. 3rd: — "Numbers of small birds at the lighthouse from 

 3 a.m., at which hour the weather moderated with a change 

 from N.E. to E. by S. ; all day multitudes of phoenicurus, 

 trochiliis, luctuosa, E. hortidana, A. arhoreus and pratensis, 

 S. oenanthe. Night, from 3rd to 4th, great numbers of above 

 caught at lighthouse : among forty-nine oenanthe, but three old ; 

 amongst {ovtj-seYen jyhcenicurus, eleven old." — "Mem. Trochilus 

 turned u]) after midnight ; phoenicurus and cenanthe, multitudes 

 of young males, early in the night (later also) ; but the few old 

 birds appeared later after midnight." — Spring migration, 1882, 

 March 19th, Spurn, several seen. 



Whinchat, Pratincola riihetra (Linn.). — First week in Sep- 

 tember, many, with Wheatears in the North-east Lincolnshire 

 marshes. 



Stonechat, Pratincola ruhicola (Linn.). — Great numbers at 

 Whitby L.H. on April 3rd. In the autumn, first on Northumber- 

 land and Durham coast, Sept. 8th and 9th, and Spurn, Sept. 

 15th; last, at Inner Fame on Oct. 26th, E.S.E. (three), two 

 seen. 



Kedstart, Ruticilla plioenicurus (Linn.). — The migration of the 

 Eedstart seems so inseparably connected with that of the Wheat- 

 ear that it is difficult to disconnect the two. On May 1st one 

 killed at Hunstanton l.h., 11 p.m., S.W., o.m. In the autumn, 

 in August, September and October, at many stations, the main 

 body passing south in earty part of September with the Wheat- 

 ears. On the 4th they were observed in great numbers along 

 the line of sandhills, near the entrance of the Humber, generally 

 young of the year, only four old males being seen. At Heligo- 

 land, in August and first half of September, a great many 

 passed, and on 17th immense numbers ; on 10th with M. luctuosa. 

 At Teesmouth (Eedcar) a considerable flight came in on Sept. 

 22nd, during night or early morning, wind E., gales and very 

 stormy ; all were 3''oung birds, males and females ; last observed 

 at Inner Fame on Oct. 23rd, E.S.E. (seven). The latest immi- 

 grations were associated with Eedbreasts. 



