EAST COAST OF ENGLAND. 27 



70. *Tongue, Lightvessel, off Thames ; two lights, fixed : higher white, 



lower red. 



71. Nore, Lightvessel, entrance to Thames ; white, revolving 30 seconds. 



72. 'i'-North Foreland, Lighthouse; white, fixed. 



73. -i^Goodwin, Lightvessel, Goodwin Sands ; white, revolving, three quick 



flashes in succession, 86 seconds dark. 



74. *Gull, Lightvessel, Goodwin Sands ; white, revolving 20 seconds. 



75. *Southsand Head, Lightvessel, Goodwin Sands; white, fixed. 



76. *East-side, Lightvessel, Goodwin Sands, 13 miles E. Deal ; green, 



revolving 15 seconds. 



77. South Foreland, Lighthouse; white, fixed. 



78. * Heligoland. 



79. ^=Casquets, Lighthouse, off Aldernej ; white, triple, flashing every 



30 seconds. 



80. *Hanois, Lighthouse, Hanoveaux Rocks, W. end Guernsey; one red, 



revolving 45 seconds. 



As many of the reports range over a twelvemonth, it is 

 necessary to divide the remarks on the separate species into 

 spring and autumn migrations. The numbers of species noticed 

 are very greatly in excess of 1879. 



SPRING MIGRATION, 1880. 

 SEPARATE EEPORT ON EACH SPECIES. 



Pied Flycatcher, Muscicapa luctuosa {atricapilla, Linn.). — 

 At Heligoland, Mr. Gatke reports, May 4th, great many fine old 

 males; 5th, the same; 15th, E., many females, few males; 

 19th, S.S.E., all females. 



Blackbird, Turdus merula. — At Cromer l.h., Feb. 12th, two 

 killed against lantern, with thirteen Larks at midnight o.m. 



Redbreast, Erithacus ruhecula. — At Whitby l.h., March 1st, 

 daylight, a flock of Robins. 



Bluethroat, Rutidlla suecica. — At Heligoland, May 22nd, all 

 males — perhaps one in ten a female. 



Redstart, Ruti cilia phoenicurus. — At Heligoland, May 1st to 

 10th, all males. Thenceforward females increasing. May 4th, 

 E. by S. or E. by N., millions all males ; 19th, all females. 



Wheatear, Saxicola oenanthe. — At Teesmouth 5 Buoy l.v., 

 April 23rd, W.S.W., many, with Wagtails, passing to land. At 

 Heligoland, March 31st, S.E., to April 3rd, S.E., male birds; 

 and to May 1st, when females began to arrive. May 13th, E., 

 all females. 



