84 



KIDD'S OWN JOURNAL. 



paying all charges to the reporters and the 

 companies. "When competing lines of tele- 

 graph were, however, established, the charges 

 became much lower ; the reporters abandoned 

 their short-hand, for the most parr, and the 

 newspapers increased their quantum of tele- 

 graphic news. Merchants still continue to 

 use ciphers to a considerable extent, simply 

 as a means of keeping their real meaning to 

 themselves and their correspondents. 



By degrees the newspaper arrangements in 

 connection with the electric telegraph became 

 very comprehensive, and at the present time 

 seven New York papers join in a system, of 

 which the following is an outline. They 

 employ an agent, who becomes responsible 

 for all news arrangements of a commercial 

 and miscellaneous character, throughout the 

 United States. The agent receives and dis- 

 tributes the news, and pays all tolls and ex- 

 penses. He employs reporters in all the 

 principal cities in the Union and in Canada, 

 who transmit to him daily, by electric tele- 

 graph, the news which they have collected. 

 He makes eight or ten copies of this news 

 by manifold machines, after putting the details 

 into readable English, and sends seven of 

 these to the New York journals by whom he 

 is employed. The agent has a central office 

 in New York, from whence he communicates 

 with the newspaper offices. When Congress 

 is sitting, one reporter attends the Senate, and 

 another the House of Representatives, but the 

 same report from either House, is made avail- 

 able for all the seven newspapers at New T York. 

 The associated press have certain rules for 

 then* guidance, whereby all pay equally for 

 ordinary intelligence, but each pays especially 

 for particular news not valued or used by the 

 others. The New York papers pay on an 

 average, about £1000 per annum each, for 

 electro-telegraphic news. 



A SUMMER EAMBLE 

 IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD OF CROYDON. 



How BEAUTirrL is the month of June ! 

 How full of interest a ramble in the leafy 

 wood, or green meadow, where the sweet 

 flowers cluster and bend with the weight of 

 the bee ; when that peculiar vapor is waving in 

 the clear sunlight, and not a sound breaks on 

 the ear save the tinkle of the sheep bell, or 

 song of the wild bird in the wood ! 



A bright morning in June, 1852, found a 

 friend and myself on our way to Cromehurst. 

 In passing through the town we took several 

 specimens of a beautiful little insect (Elachista 

 LinnaeUa). At Cromehurst, I took a specimen 

 of the Ruff Wing {Phtheocroa Rugosana) and 

 several of the yellow Shell (Camptogramma 

 Bilinearia) ; also several caterpillars of the 

 Drinker (Odonestis Potatoria). The hedges 



on our way were white with the blossoms 

 of the Dogwood (Comus sanguinea) ; and the 

 yellow Agrimony {Agrimoma eupatoria), the 

 Scarlet-Pimpernel (Anagnllis arvensi-i), the 

 brighter poppy (Pa paver Ehccas), the Burnet 

 (Pateriu/n sanguisorba) and beautiful blossom 

 of the Vipers Bugloss (Echium vidgare), were 

 adorning the roadside. 



From Cromehurst we proceeded through 

 Beveral fields toward Riddelsdown. On the 

 edge of one of these fields, we captured 

 several specimens of that delicate insect, 

 the Bedford Blue (Lyccvna AIsus). We now 

 proceeded to Riddlesdown. Here are several 

 Beeches of enormous size, sombre Yews, 

 Alders, Oaks, Hazels, and Juniper bushes. 

 Flowers too without number were scattered 

 over the surface of this beautiful down. 



I must here regret my limited knowledge 

 of Botany, and remark that an excursion to 

 the charming spot will well repay either the 

 Botanist or Entomologist. Here I took three 

 specimens of the Orange Tip (Anthocharis 

 Cardamines) . Hovering over the blossoms 

 of the lovely Scabious were numbers of the 

 Common Blue and Brown Argus (Lycccna 

 Alexis and Agcstis.) Nothing more of any 

 note presenting itself, we proceeded to Sander- 

 sted Downs, noticing on the way several 

 beautiful fields of Saintfoin (Hedysarum 

 onobrychis) . Here we stopped awhile to con- 

 template the beauty of the scene. Before us, 

 far as the eye could reach, was a beautiful, 

 succession of hill and dale, green meadows, 

 waving corn-fields,and wide-stretching woods. 

 Behind us lay London, its troubles, cares, 

 and gloom ; while ever and anon, mellowed by 

 the distance and cooling breeze, came the 

 shepherd's song, the low of cattle, and lusty 

 I bark of the sheep-dog. These brought repose 

 | to the weary spirit ; to the mind, a sense of 

 the grandeur and vastness of God's works. 



Here we took several specimens of that 

 truly elegant insect, the Clifden B\ue y Lyctna 

 Adonis). Many a pleasing recollection of 

 the glories of yet distant summer has been 

 brought to mind, whilst gazing on this beau- 

 tiful insect, the loveliest of its genus. Here 

 too, we took a specimen of the Brimstone 

 Butterfly (Rhodocera RhamniJ, which, sur- 

 viving the storms of winter, appears with 

 the first warm days of spring, heralding the 

 opening year. 



In the same spot, I took a specimen of 

 the Small Elephant Hawk (Deilephila Par- 

 cellus); and here, the year before last, my com- 

 panion captured eight specimens of the 

 Clouded Yellow (Colias Edusa). 



February 11, 1853. C. Miller. 



True Happiness. — The happiness of life is so 

 nice a thing, that, like the sensitive plant, it 

 | shrinks away even whilst we are thinking of it. 



