


AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHY. 
We recommend a neutral bath and ad- *¥ 
vise the use of Squibb’s red litmus to test 
with. 
If the bath tones uneven or streaky, add 
water until it 1 s in 8 or 10 minutes, 
and make it slightly alkaline. 
One gallon of fixing bath is sufficient 
for one gross cabinet size Solio or its 
equivalent. 
To make solio hardener: 
Chloride of Aluminum, - - 302. 
Bi-Sulphite of Soda, - Se 2 A1 OZ. 
Cold Water, = - 1202. 
Put both chemicals in the water and shake 
until dissolved. 
Solio hardener powders.—It is important 
that properly tested chemicals should be 
used in mixing the Solio hardener, as 
otherwise the desired results may not be 
secured. We shall, therefore, put up in 
convenient powder form, the amount of 
chemicals required to make 16 ounces of 
the Solio hardener at 40 cents each. 
COMBINED TONING BATH. 
Stock A Hyposulphite of Soda, 8 oz. 
Solution : Alum, (Crystals) - 602. 
Sugar (EPL NER)) 2 02. 
Water, = - 3002, 
Dissolve above in cold Oat and, 
When dissolved add Borax, 2 oz. 
Dissolvedin hot water, - 80oz. 
et stand over night and decant clear 
liquid. 
Stock B Pure Chloride of Gold 7% grains. 
Solution : Acetate of Lead (Sugar 
of peat) . - & grains. 
Wat 8 oz, 
Solution B head be shaken up before 
using and not filtered. 
To tone 15 cabinets take: 
Stock Solution A, = - 3 0% 
Stock Solution B, - ~ - I OZ. 
Place prints without previous washing 
into the above. 
Tone to desired color and immerse 
prints for 5 minutes in following salt solu- 
tion to stop the toning: 
Salt, - - - - - - OZ, 
Waiter, - = - - - 32 OZ, 
The extra fixing bath should be used to 
ensure thorough fixing. 
After the salt bath give one change of 
cold water and fix for Io minutes in the 
extra fixing bath: 
Extra Hyposulphite of Soda, OZ, 
Fixinc Sulphite on pee: (Crystals), 60 eioine 
Batu: Borax, =e Oze 
Water, - = - > 20 OZ. 
Wash one hour in running cold water 
or in 16 changes of cold water, when 
prints may be mounted same as albumen 
prints. 
The combined bath must be used cold, 
not above 50° Fahr. This condition can 
_be. obtained by placing a piece of ice in 
the bath when toning. If the bath is too 
warm, it will cause yellow prints with 
a greenish cast in the half tones. 
Use a thermometer and keep it in ton- 
ing bath all the time. 
The combined bath is an acid solution. 
241 
The borax neutralizes only the excess of 
acid in the alum. Any attempt to neutral- 
ize the bath will precipitate the alum. 
The combined bath should not be used 
a second time. 
Clean trays once a week with nitric acid 
or sulphuric acid and water to prevent 
white spots or blotches on the prints. 
Prints allowed to stand over night in 
water are liable to turn yellow;they should 
be mounted as soon as washed. 
Glacé finish.—Clean the ferrotype plate 
with warm water each time it is used. 
Polish with a soft cloth until plate is abso- 
lutely free from dirt or specks of any de- 
scription. Swab with a tuft of soft cloth or 
cotton batting wet with a solution com- 
posed of benzine one ounce, paraffin 10 
grains. Rub dry with a clean cloth and 
polish with a chamois skin or very soft 
cloth. Use a soft brush to remove par- 
ticles of dust. Then squeegee the wet 
print on to the plate and rub down with 
a dry blotter. The print must be in per- 
fect contact to produce a uniform and even 
surface. This can be obtained by placing 
a piece of cotton or rubber cloth over 
the print and using a small print roller to 
rub down. 
Mounting.—The prints may be mounted 
with starch paste in the ordinary manner; 
use dry castile soap for lubricator, or, if it 
is desired to mount them with glacé sur- 
face, the back of the print when nearly dry 
should be brushed over with very thin so- 
lution of pure, white glue, after being well 
filtered. Use a camel’s hair brush. When 
thoroughly dry the print should be strip- 
ped from the ferrotype plate. To mount 
moisten card with a wet sponge. Place 
print in proper position and rub down. 
Spotting—The solution given below 
will prevent the spotting ink from rubbing 
off in the burnisher, and will give a gloss 
equal to balance of print. 
Solution A, -. Alcohol, x oz. Thymol, 4 gr. 
Solution B, Water 102; Gelatine, 15 gr.; A solution, 1dr. 
Heat solution B at not over-120° ile 
until thoroughly dissolved. 
For use, mix with the spotting brush 
solution B with the color and if too thick 
the brush may be dampened with water or 
saliva. 
To cut gold—Those who desire to cut 
their own gold can make stock solution B 
as follows for the combined bath: 
Metallic Gold, - 1 pennyweight. 
Nitric Acid, - - «1rdram. 
Muriatic Acid, - 3. drams. 
When cut add water 48 ounces, and then 
add sufficient bicarbonate of soda to al- 
most neutralize, leaving the solution 
slightly acid. Filter, and add 384 grains 
acetate of lead. 

1. What is the price of sulphocyanide of 
ammonium? 

