126 SPHEOIA BEMBECIFORMIS. 



level of the ground to about a foot above it ; that the 

 larvae become pupae from the middle of June onwards 

 at the upper end of their galleries ; the moths emerge 

 from the end of June to the beginning of August, but 

 generally during the first fortnight of July. Those I 

 bred this year appeared early in June. 



I examined these larvae carefully, but except in the 

 point of size I could not well separate them from those 

 of apiformis ; they were about 25 mm. long, the longest 

 I measured being 28 mm. 



The change to the pupa takes place in the upper 

 end of the gallery, which is smoothed and slightly 

 lined with silk ; the head of the pupa points to the exit, 

 and the gallery is closed below it with a tough but 

 thin spinning of white silk coated with wood raspings. 



I found the pupa also very like that of apiformis in 

 structure and colour ; perhaps it is rather paler, and of 

 course it is smaller in size, and I thought the transverse 

 rows of points on the abdomen seemed sharper, 

 perhaps on account of the pupa having to travel 

 farther before the moth emerges. (J. H., 24, 11, 86.) 



Trochilium cynipieorme. 

 Plate XXVII, fig. 5 (see ante, p. 47). 



Mr. Buckler figured this species from larvaB in oak 

 bark, March 21st, 1866, and November 6th, 1868 ; he 

 bred the moths June 29th to July 2nd, 1869. 



In 1886, on October 5th, Dr. T. A. Chapman sent 

 me from Hereford some larvae, which he had taken in 

 bark of stumps of felled oaks ; their usual habitat, he 

 tells me, is at the open edge of the bark at the top of 

 the stump where it was cut across, but in a stump 

 which had been inhabited for two years or more, and 

 which was decaying, he found larvae entering the thick 

 bark lower down ; he considers the larval stage to 

 continue through two years. At the date above men- 



