PHRAGMATJ!CIA AJttJNDINIS. 135 



ing out with a rounded edge behind and encroaching 

 on the third, the hinder part of this shield curiously 

 set with dark scales which project backward, and must 

 help in progression, thoracic legs short and small, 

 ventral prolegs little developed, the feet being short 

 transverse rows of little points, the anal prolegs merely 

 a bilobed prolongation of 13 ; the skin somewhat 

 wrinkled, but shining, the usual tubercular dots in- 

 distinct, each with a small bristle. Colour all over dirty 

 creamy white, head and segments 2 and 3 pale brown, 

 a broad, pale, purplish subdorsal stripe, spiracles pale 

 brownish, small and indistinct, except the one on seg- 

 ment 2, which is very large and oval in shape ; on 3 and 

 4 are black, iound, false spiracles, the belly more whitish 

 than the back, thirteenth segment pale, translucent and 

 horny. The small larva, 10 mm. long, seemed to 

 taper a little from 3 to the tail ; it was yellower in tint, 

 and the subdorsal stripes more purple ; in the large 

 larva, 40 mm. long, the stripes had almost disappeared. 

 The pupa I have measured is about 28 mm. long, 

 very slender, barely 4 mm. across, cylindrical, even in 

 bulk throughout ; in the front of the headpiece is an 

 angular projection like a tiny beak, the wing-cases 

 short, on the back of each of the abdominal segments 

 two transverse rows of very small points; these rows are 

 wide apart, one at the beginning, the other at the end 

 of the segment, the skin otherwise glossy, the tail 

 blunt, surrounded with a coronet of strong spines, and 

 on the dorsal side there is a very short, blunt spike set 

 at the shoulders and tip with small points ; the colour 

 seems to be brown, paler on the wing-cases and 

 darker on the abdomen. (J. H., 3, 12, 86.) 



COSSUS LIGNIPERDA. 



Plate XXXI, fig. 3 (see ante, p. 59). 



Mr. Buckler figured this larva March 17th, 1860, from 

 oak; in 1873, on April 24th, from oak; on May 29th 



