140 CERURA FURCULA. 



side below the saddle- edging rich yellow-green deepen- 

 ing downwards to rich full green ; above the spiracles 

 a few irregular, yellowish small spots and some small, 

 dull red spots, the spiracles brownish with darker rings, 

 with some yellow-ringed red dots about them ; below 

 the spiracles two irregular lines of small elongated 

 yellow spots, and below them a row of yellow-ringed 

 red dots, four on each segment ; along the level of the 

 legs an irregular red-brown streak edged with yellow, 

 which sends a slanting mark down the back of each 

 ventral proleg; thoracic legs shining reddish with a 

 green ring, ventral prolegs green with pink feet, a 

 central ventral purplish-red stripe on 12 and 13 ; the 

 tails lilac with two greenish rings ; altogether this is 

 an exceedingly rich-coloured larva, and hard to describe 

 properly. 



The cocoon is made of a strong cement of silk, 

 thoroughly mixed with bits of the wood or bark on 

 which it is fixed, so as to assimilate closely to the sur- 

 rounding surface. I have cocoons placed on pieces of 

 touchwood, and one cut from willow bark; for the 

 latter, the larva had gnawed out an oval hollow, and 

 worked in the bits of bark, lichen, &c. I have measured 

 two of the others, which look like long oval swellings 

 on the flat face of the decayed wood (this swelling 

 would not be found in the natural position of a 

 cocoon — some depression in the bark of a willow 

 tree), one being about 27 mm. in length and 10 mm. 

 in width, the other not 20 mm. long, and 8 or 9 mm. 

 wide; in each case a neat hollow is gnawed out of 

 the surface, and the materials thus obtained strongly 

 cemented together until the outer wall of the cocoon 

 feels quite hard; the inside looks glossy, but is not 

 very smooth. 



One pupa measured 17 mm. in length, another only 

 14 mm. ; the figure cylindrical, of almost even bulk 

 throughout, except at the last two segments of the 

 abdomen, which taper a little; both ends blunt but 

 rounded, especially the tail, which is very smooth, and, 



