PIERIS RAVM. 155 



apparent on the back of the ninth segment a pale 

 square spot, apparently caused by an internal organ 

 showing through, but the dorsal line is not interrupted 

 by it. 



The larva fixes itself head upwards, or horizontally, 

 by the anal legs, and a belt round the body, for pupa- 

 tion. The pupa is about 20 mm. long, angulated, the 

 head with a sharpish central horn, the back keeled to 

 the tail, the keel rising up quickly on the thorax to a 

 blunt point, then falling to the level of the abdomen, 

 which goes off in a long curve to the tail ; the 

 shoulders slightly angulated ; a subdorsal ridge begins 

 with two points (the second being highest), below the 

 waist, and continues in a slight curve to the tail; the 

 belly nearly straight ; the anal spike short, flattened, 

 almost square, the ventral side of the tip set with 

 curled spines. The colour seems very varied, but as all 

 the varieties occurred side by side on the cover of the 

 tin box in which my larvge were reared, I could not 

 account for their difference ; the commonest variety I 

 have is dusky drab, finely powdered over the back with 

 black, the dorsal and subdorsal ridges inclining to 

 yellowish, and dotted with black, the horn on the head 

 lined with black ; the wing nervures drab, with 

 blackish spaces between; the tongue-case (the tip of 

 which projects free for a short distance) and antenna- 

 cases blackish; a few are darker than this, looking 

 quite smoky, and the pale lines not so clear ; on the 

 other hand, some are much lighter, of a pale drab, 

 scarcely with the faintest freckling of black, and a few 

 black spots along the ridges ; and some again having 

 either a rosy pink, or else a dull green tinge suffused 

 all over them. (J. H., 5, 11, 85.) 



