VANESSA 10. 181 



stem-like spike, the sides of which are ribbed and 

 thicker than the middle, and its tip is set all round 

 with a great number of tiny hard black bristles curved 

 like hooks, and which radiate regularly outwards in 

 every direction. In colour I had two varieties, one pale 

 greenish-yellow, the other pale grey, but freckled all 

 over with smoky black and so looking dingy ; in both 

 varieties the inner sides of the horns, the tips of the 

 spines, and the sides of the anal spike, are outlined in 

 black, and the lower parts of the spines are tinged with 

 reddish ; there is a metallic lustre, especially in the 

 pale variety, on the first blunt pair of the subdorsa 

 spikes, and on two pairs of blunter humps on either 

 side of the thoracic dorsal spike. The wing-cases and 

 antenna-cases in both varieties are marked out by lines 

 of freckles. Albin says he found pupae gilded all over, 

 which produced small ichneumons, but I have not 

 myself found any of this species so infested. The 

 winter is passed by this species in the butterfly state, 

 and the eggs are laid in May. (J. H., 6, 10, 85/ 



Vanessa jjrtigm. 

 Plate IX, fig. 2. 

 (See ante, p. 55.) 



I have nothing to add about this species, except the 

 fact that I have occasionally found its pupa gilded 

 nearly all over, and looking very brilliant, but as far 

 as I know this appearance is caused by the presence 

 of parasites. 



I have carefully described the egg of this species, 

 and also that of its congener Polychloros, in the ' Ent. 

 Monthly Mag./ vol. VIII, p. 53. (J. H., 6, 10, 85.) 



