PARASITES. 



190 



The following list of parasites, bred from trie larvas 

 oi' pupa? of British Butterflies, has been kindly for- 

 warded by Mr. G. 0. Bignell, F.E.S.— H. T. S. 



Host. 



Gonepteryx rhamni 



Pieris hrassicce. 



rajpoe 



„ Daplidice ... 



Hipparchia Janira 



„ Tithonus 



Cynthia cardui . 



Paeasite. 



1 Limneria vulgaris, Tschek 



2 Mesochorus gracilentus, Brischke 



3 Hemiteles fulvipes, Gravenhorst... 



4 Mesochorus aciculatus, Bridgman 



5 Apanteles glomeratus, Linne ... \ 



Hemiteles fulvipes, Gravenhorst. . . 

 Mesochorus aciculatus, Bridgman 



Apanteles glomeratus, Linne ... < 



6 Apanteles rubecula, Marshall 



7 Pteromalus puparum, Swed 



8 JExorista vulgaris, Fallen 5 



9 Anomalon xanthopus, Schrank . . . 



Apanteles nothus, Reinhard 



Bhogas tristis, Wesmael 



Limneria exareolata, Ratzeburg. . . 



Pimpla diluta, Ratzeburg j 



Br aeon variator, Nees 



By whom Bred. 



G. 0. Bignell. 

 Bignell. 



Bignell. 

 Bignell. 



Bignell and 

 others. 



Bignell. 

 Bignell. 



Bignell and 



others. 



Bignell. 



Bignell. 



Bignell, 

 J.E.Fletcher. 



G.F.Mathew. 



Bignell. 



Bignell. 



Bignell. 



0. G. Barrett, 

 Bridgman. 



F. N. Pierce. 



1 This parasite forms its cocoon within the larva, and so constructs 

 it that the skin of the larva is made to do duty for an extra protection. 



2 Hyperparasite on Limneria vulgaris. 



3 and 4 are hyperparasites on A. glomeratus. 



5 The young larvae of P. hrassicce are often attacked before the first 

 moult, 'Entomologist,' vol. xviii, p. 326. 142 bred from one larva, 

 ' Ento.,' vol. xvi, p. 263. 



6 A solitary parasite on larva not half grown. 



7 One of the Chalcidido3 bred from the pupa. 



8 A dipteron, sometimes escaping from the larva, at others forming 

 a pupa within the pupa of the victim. 



9 Pupa from Baklar, Turkey. The parasite has been captured in 

 Devonshire by Bignell, and bred from a Noctua by Bridgman. 



