Boulder Trains and Boulder Belts.— Mr. T. C. Chamberlain 

 recognizes two leading types of glacial boulders: (1) boulder trains, 

 and (2) boulder belts. Boulder trains originate from knobs or promi- 

 nences of rock which lay in the path of the glacial movement. They 

 lie in the line of glacial movement, but not strictly parallel to it, hut 

 rather in radiating lino-, and may lie called boulder tans. The boul- 

 ders are usually of a single kind, growing smaller and more worn as 

 traced away from the parent knob, and are mingled with the underly- 

 ing drift. The boulder belts lie transverse to the direction of glacial 

 movement, are composed of stones of different kinds, from distant 

 sources, and do not mingle deeply with the underlying drift. These 

 boulder belts coincide closely with terminal moraines, which suggests 

 that they were deposited by the margin of the ice that formed the 

 moraines.— Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., Vol. I., 1889. 



Geological News.— General.— Elk Lake, discovered by Mr. 

 Chambers, July 6, 1872, is officialy announced as the ultimate source 

 of the Mississippi River.— Am. Geol, Nov., 1891) Accord- 

 ing to J. C. Branner, Crowley's Ridge, in Eastern Arkansas, is not an 

 upheaval, but is the result of an erosion along both sides of it. The 

 ridge is capped with Tertiary, while the valleys, both east and west, 

 are covered with material of a later date. (Report Geol. Surv. 

 Ark., 1889.) Mr. Ellsworth CalPa studies of the geology of East- 

 ern Arkansas have shown that divisions within this area must be based 

 upon stratigraphic and petrographic, rather than upon paleontologic 

 data. The paucity of fossil remains to preclude a classification based 

 upon faunal contents. (Report Ark. Geol. Surv., 1889.) 



Paleozoic— Mr. G. F. Matthew is of the opinion that more than 

 one horizon of life is represented in the assemblage of forms known as 

 the Olenellus Fauna. This appears to be indicated by the fauna of 

 Washington County, N. Y., the source of the Emmons types, which 

 has been recently studied by Mr. Walcott. {Am. Geol, Nov., 1891- 



A series of papers on the Paleontology of the Ohio Valley, by J. 



F. James, is being published in the Journal of the ( 'in. So.-. AW. Hist., 

 1891. The first one treats of Plants? and Protozoa. The other groups 



will be taken up in regular order. A study of the rocks at Point 



Pleasant, in Southern Ohio, leads Mr. James to the conclusion that 

 there is no more reason for assigning them to the Trenton than there 



