siderable distance by a stretch of dry prairie which f..rms a very etliv- 

 tive barrier to an interchange of specie-, consequently each stream has 

 a few plants that seem to be peculiar to its own territory, and the 

 collector is continually running across new things. There are a few 

 of the larger ponds that do not contain one or more species of Cham, 

 Potamogeton, or some other of the water loving plants. 1 Uumnqdon 

 hillii, P. pectinatus, and P. toiterasfolius, were common. P. flmtarn 

 was found at Mitchell's Holes, but at no other place ; Sagittaria varia- 

 bilis occurred in some of its various varieties throughout the entire 

 region; Atriptex urgentea, Xa/ithium -aaadeuse, Solanum rod rat am. 

 Euphorbia marginata, ll>liauthu$ animus and If. pdiolari* were 

 common all along the trail from Pierre to Rapid City. At Ft. Pierre, 

 Peno Hills, and Willow Springs Amorpha miernphylia was common 

 along with A.fruticosa and A. eanescens. Our old friend Saponaria 

 vaccaria was found at intervals along the entire way to the Black Hills, 

 a good example of man's influence in the introduction and distribution 

 of plants. Does not this give a hint as to how eastern species advance 

 westward? I have noticed similar instances along the old freighting 

 trail in Nebraska, which runs from Nebraska City to Denver. The 

 principal grasses of the range are, Bautetom ■ <g -■■■'■Ira, B. hirsuta 

 and more rarely B. racemosa, Buchloe dadyloides, (fast disappearing), 

 Agropyrum glaucum, several species of < 'alamagmdi*. and Stipa comata, 

 the last species replacing the common S. spartea of the eastern part of 

 the State. At <rms by far the greater part of winter 



as well as the summer feed of the stock of the range. 



Spartina cynosuroides, several species of Ghjceria, Carex, and Scirpus 

 grow along the streams and form no small part of the food of the stock 

 during the drier seasons of the year. 



Oxytropus lambertii was common, many species of Astragalus were 

 found in fruit but few in bloom. Plums and cherries were of frequent 

 occurrence along the larger streams. One stream in particular has 

 its banks lined with plum bushes for miles and miles and is called 

 Plum Creek. Many people go thirty or forty miles to get the plums, 

 many of which are very large and toothsome; Shepherdia argentea in 

 both red and vellow-fruited forms occurs frum the Missouri River 

 to the Black Hills. The fruit of some of the trees of this species is 

 quite palatable. Not far from Plum Creek on a hillside I found 

 Shrankia uncinata. The whole hillside was a mass of this plant and 

 I procured some of the finest specimens of it that I have ever seen. 

 While we were camped at Grindstone Buttes I collected my first speci- 

 mens of Manilla vestita. It grew along the margin of a small pond ; 



