254 The American Naturalist. [March, 



orum makes the greater part of the timber, but lower down in the 

 canons are Betula papyrifera, B. oceidentalis, Ostrya virginica, both 

 the junipers, Fraxinus viridis, F. pubescens, Populus monilifera, P. 

 tremuloides, TJlmus aviericana, and Querents maerocarpa. This last has 

 a number of very interesting and perplexing forms. Ribes yracde,R. 

 aureum, R. fioridum are very plentiful, and when we were there were 

 loaded with fruit, all of which was quite palatable excepting that of 

 R. cere urn ; cherries were also plentiful. Rubus strigosus was abund- 

 ant in many places, and was loaded with fruit, which was ripe in 

 August. 



There are a great many introduced plants in the larger valleys, and 

 a discussion of their introduction would be interesting were one better 

 acquainted with them and their surroundings. 



Quite a number of fungi were found here. Of the lichens I shall 

 say nothing now except that the lichen flora is very interesting, and 

 that I found many good things. 



When we left the Black Hills for the Bad Land region we followed 

 down a stream called Spring Creek. We had been told that there 

 was considerable timber on the stream. Most of the way down, the 

 wagon road is at the foot of the bluffs at some distance from the stream, 

 and no trees could be seen. We concluded that we had been misin- 

 formed. By-and-by we turned to cross the stream and found that 

 there was a second bottom between us and the stream, and that the 

 real valley was hidden from our sight. This was covered with a fine 

 growth of elm, ash, haekberry, boxelder, willow, etc. There is wood 

 enough along this one stream to keep a whole county in wood if rightly 



The Cheyenne Valley, at the mouths of Spring Creek and Indian 

 Creek, differs but little from that in the vicinity of Smithville before 

 mentioned. 



By following up the Indian Creek Valley one can enter the Bad 

 Lands proper in the vicinity of Sheep Mountain. This flora is also 

 interesting. All the plants, excepting a few stunted introduced spe- 

 cies are of the kinds adapted to a dry climate and poor soil. The 

 chenopods are well represented by Atriplex nuttallii, A. argentea, A. 

 patula, var. hastata, Sarcobatus vermieidutus and several species of 

 Chenopodium. Atriplex nuttaltii and Sarcobatus vermiatfatus are most 

 plentiful on the sterile sides of the buttes and hills, both becoming 

 quite shrubby with age. The old stems are often well covered with 

 several species of lichens. Along the sides of Sheep Mountain and 

 some other of the more favored places .ho,i[,rni.< cirginiamt is quite 



