156 NEW YORK. 



the North Americans, and to all others who may care for it, 

 is that Free Trade ought to be the motto of all its inhabitants. 



Excepting Spirits, Tobacco and Cards, or the like, which 

 ought to produce enough to defray all the expenses necessary 

 to the development of the country, and for maintaining 

 internal peace and order, all the rest ought to be FREE. Even 

 Justice ought to be free, the salaries of Judges, Barris- 

 ters, and others, paid from the revenues produced by the 

 three above-mentioned dutiable articles.- 



Everything free, excepting those three articles, which 

 are luxuries, and from which all the sums required for the 

 administration of the Government ought to come. // is a 

 trial well worth making, by the great American nation. 



I am perfectly certain that all those who smoke, drink, or 

 gamble, would submit to the change with good grace. Even 

 if the price of these commodities was forcibly raised, these 

 persons would still be benefited by it ; because if the sale of 

 these commodities was made by agents of the Government 

 they would be more certain to get a better quality for their 

 money, than what they get at the present moment. 



There is also another American question of great 

 interest ; that of the Indians, the former possessors of the 

 soil. I think that all means ought to be taken for the 

 education and preservation of what remains of this interest- 

 ing race of people. By experience I know that these pure 

 Indians possess many good qualities, and if instruction was 

 freely given to them, it is probable that they could fill with 

 honour and merit the most exalted positions. Benito Juarez, 

 a pure Indian, born in Istlan or Villa Juarez, a small 

 mountainous town at about thirty miles from Oaxaca, from 

 pure Indian parents, can be cited as an example. Don 

 Porfirio Diaz, the clever President of the Republic of 

 Mexico, is another. Mejia, the celebrated faithful General of 

 Maximilian, was a pure Indian. Hundreds more of eminent 

 men, dead or alive could be mentioned ; but these three are 

 sufficient, and no reasons exist why a great many more of 

 them should not turn out so. Therefore, as I said before, 

 everything ought to be done to educate the children of these 

 Indians at the cost of the country, for their benefit, as well as 

 for that of the country. 



Now I shall leave these digressions, and return to my 

 general subject, that of New York. 



What attracted my attention in that city, was the large 

 number of Bar rooms which exist in all parts of the city. I 



