ON RECENT SPECIES OF SPIRASERPULA REGENHARDT, 1961 



49 



5. Maximum number of radioles 6 pairs, abdominal segments 

 about 50. Operculum may or may not be present. A shallow 

 water species, down to about 60 m, rarely in deeper water 

 S. massiliensis (Zibrowius, 1968) p. 49 



Maximum number of radioles 8 pairs, abdominal segments 

 about 145. Operculum absent. A deep water species occurring 

 at depths of about 75-200m S. capeverdensis sp. nov. p. 54 



6. Tube creamish white, trapezoidal in cross-section. Operculum 

 absent. Maximum number of radioles 9 pairs, pinnule-free tips 

 very long. Prostomial ocelli prominently seen through collar. 

 Unserrated notch of bayonet chaetae very short 



S. nudicrista sp. nov. p. 76 



Tube mustard coloured, circular in cross-section. Operculum 

 present. Maximum number of radioles 5 pairs, pinnule-free tips 

 short. Prostomial ocelli not seen through collar. Unserrated 

 notch of bayonet chaetae moderately long 

 S. snellii sp. nov. p. 84 



7. Dorsal ridge serrated, ventral ridge Y-shaped (Fig. 3, G) ... 8 

 Dorsal ridge unserrated, ventral ridge having other forms ... 9 



8. Thoracic uncini without lateral tubercles. Maximum number of 

 radioles 7 pairs, abdominal segments more than 100, about 

 130 S. ypsilon sp. nov. p. 56 



Thoracic uncini with lateral tubercles. Maximum number of 

 radioles 11 pairs, abdominal segments less than 100, about 90 

 S. paraypsilon sp. nov. p. 60 



9. Ventral ridge unserrated (Fig. 3, I) 10 



Ventral ridge serrated (Fig. 3, J-0) 11 



10. Tube white to faintly pinkish, circular in cross- section, external 

 longitudinal ridges absent; dorsal and ventral internal longitudi- 

 nal ridges pink, wedge-shaped in cross-section (Fig. 3, H). 

 Operculum with up to about 21 triangular radial lobes, cuticle 

 unthickened. Maximum number of radioles 5 pairs, abdominal 

 segments below 100 (about 70); bayonet chaetae with several 

 teeth on the basal boss S. sumbensis sp. nov. p. 82 



Tube bright rose, quadrilateral to trapezoidal in cross-section, a 

 pair of external longitudinal ridges, and a faint median one in 

 places; dorsal and ventral internal longitudinal ridges white, 

 dorsal ridge T-shaped in cross-section, ventral ridge very small 

 (Fig. 3, I), may or may not be present. Operculum with up to 

 about 12 rounded radial lobes, cuticle unthickened. Maximum 

 number of radioles 14 pairs, abdominal segments over 100 

 (about 120); bayonet chaetae with two teeth on the basal boss 

 S. iugoconvexa sp. nov. p. 82 



11. Bayonet chaetae with long blades and several teeth on the basal 

 boss S. vasseuri sp. nov. p. 78 



Bayonet chaetae with short to moderately long blades and few 

 (2-7) teeth on the basal boss 12 



12. Accessory lateral ridges present (Fig. 3, K & L) 13 



Accessory lateral ridges absent (Fig. 3, M-O) 15 



13. Accessory ridges dorso-lateral. Dorsal ridge wedge- to 

 Y-shaped in cross-section (Fig. 3, K), tube white 



5. plaiae sp. nov. p. 67 



Accessory ridges lateral. Dorsal ridge a simple plate, at most 

 wedge to faintly T-shaped in cross-section (Fig. 3, L), tube pink 

 or with pink longitudinal bands 14 



14. Bayonet chaetae dagger-shaped, with short blunt blades. Oper- 

 culum absent. Maximum number of radioles 6 pairs 



S. caribensis sp. nov. p. 68 



Bayonet chaetae with moderately long blades and tapering tips. 

 Operculum present. Maximum number of radioles 5 pairs; 

 S. lineatuba (Straughan, 1967) p. 91 



15. Tube with transparent discs attached to the wall externally and 

 internally (Fig. 3, M) S. discifera sp. nov. p. 94 



Tube without such discs (Fig. 3, N & O) 16 



16. Operculum present S. karpatensis sp. nov. p. 64 



Operculum absent 17 



17. Bayonet chaetae with 5-7 teeth on basal boss; maximum 

 number of radioles 4 pairs, abdominal segments about 55 



S. zibrowii sp. nov. p. 67 



Bayonet chaetae with 3-4 (rarely 5) teeth on basal boss; 

 maximum number of radioles 6 pairs, abdominal segments 

 about 80 S. minuta sp. nov. p94 



Although the ITS are very distinctive, the states of the 

 characters need to be used with caution. In two species S. 

 lineatuba (Straughan, 1967) and S. caribensis sp. nov., for 

 example, 25^10 tube fragments had to be examined before 

 the full extent of the development of dorsal and accessory 

 ridges could be established; the latter are missing in most 

 cross-sections. The shape of the distinctive inverted V, as in 

 the dorsal ITS of 5. singularis sp. nov. is only found in a small 

 section in the earlier formed part of the tube; elsewhere, the 

 ridge is a smooth plate only. Along this ridge, the rounded 

 edge gradually becomes indented, gutter-shaped, and finally 

 widening to form a V. This would apply to certain other 

 characters as well. In 5. massiliensis (Zibrowius, 1968) part of 

 the sample from Marseille was operculate and part had 

 rudimentary opercula only. However, all the specimens from 

 a large sample from Portman had rudimentary opercula only. 

 It may thus be expected that species which, on the basis of 

 relatively few specimens, have been described as non- 

 operculate, may turn out to be operculate when more mate- 

 rial becomes available. As another example, two samples 

 from Indonesia and Lizard Island (Queensland) initially 

 appeared to belong to two distinct species, on the basis of 

 differences in six character states. Additional material, how- 

 ever, yielded specimens with a full range of intermediate 

 states, showing that they belong to one and the same species. 



DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES 



Spiraserpula massiliensis (Zibrowius, 1968) 

 (Figs. 4, A-O; 3, D; PI. 2, A-D) 



SYNONYMY. Serpula massiliensis Zibrowius, 1968: 102-105, 

 Pl.l, figs.24-37; P1.14, fig.d. 



Serpula massiliensis: Bianchi, 1981 : pp. 51-52, fig. 16. Serpula 

 massiliensis: ten Hove & Aarts, 1986: 35 [not the tropical E. 

 Atlantic record, see S. ypsilon]. 



Material examined. Unless otherwise mentioned, the 

 material was collected and/or determined by Zibrowius. 

 Mediterranean: 



France: Marseille: 1. Anse des Cuivres; below SME, over- 

 hang 6m, 21.vii.1987 (10 out of several specimens, BMNH 

 ZB 1989, 43-53). 2. tie Plane; submarine cave, 6m, legit G. 

 Harmelin, vi.1987 (4 specimens, SME). 3. lie Plane; 1987 (5 

 out of several specimens, BMNH 1989 101-150).4. lie Plane; 



