1865. ] Coins of the Nine Nagas. 117 























fore would have included the greater part of the present territories of 
Bharatpur, Dholpur, Gwalior, and Bundelkhand, and perhaps also 
some portions of Malwa, as Ujain, Bhilsa and Sagar. It would thus 
have embraced nearly the whole of the country lying between the 
Jumna and the upper course of the Narbada, from the Chambal on 
the west to the Kaydn or Cane on the east, an extent of about 1,800 
square miles, in which Narwar occupies a central and most command- 
~ ing position. , 
4. The identification of Narwar with Padmévati, the capital city of 
the Nine Nagas, is strongly corroborated by the coins which I am 
about to describe, as most of the earlier specimens were obtained at 
Narwar, and the remainder at Gwalior. It is also supported by the 
Allahabad Pillar inscription of Samudra Gupta,~in which the king 
boasts of the extent of his dominions, and enumerates the different 
ninees and countries which had become subject to his power. In the 
sh he mentions Ganapati-Ndga as one of the nine tributary 
princes of Aryavurtta. Now Ganapati or Ganendra is the name of the 
4j4 whose coins are the most common and the most widely diffused 
“of all these Narwar kings, The legends of his coins are also in the 
very same character as those of the Gupta coins and inscriptions. I 
think therefore that there is every probability in favour of the identity 
of these two princes. My discovery of an inscription of Samudra 
_ Gupta in Mathuré itself is sufficient to show that the Nigas must 
“have lost that city at an early date. It may also be taken as corrobo- 
rative of the decay of their power, and of the supremacy of Samudra 
Gupta, as stated in the Allahabad Pillar inscription. It may be 
objected that the coins of Ganapati do not bear the additional name of 
_ Naga, and that James Prinsep has rendered Ganapati Naga as two 
separate names. To these objections I can reply at once that, so far as 
_ Lam aware, Naga is never used alone as a man’s name, but always in 
conjunction with some other word, either preceding it as in Naga-sena, 
Nagarjuna, Nagaditya, Nagadatta, &., or following it as in Skanda- 
Naga, Brihaspati-Naga, and Deva-Naga of the coins now under review. 
For this reason I conclude that the name of Samudra Gupta’s contem- 
porary must almost certainly have been Ganapati-Naga. The omission 
he latter part of the name in the legends of the coins is sufficiently 
plained by the minute size of the money, which did not afford room 


