1865.] Report of the Archeological Survey. 157 
which was full of bamboo spikes only four inches in length. These 
spikes represented the number of husbands and their wives who had 
been converted by Upagupta. 
164. At 24 or 25 li, or just four miles to the south-east of the 
stone chamber, there was a large dry tank, with a Stwpa on its bank, 
which marked the spot where Buddha was said to have taken exercise. 
On this spot also, according to the local legends, a monkey had offered 
honey to Buddha, which the teacher graciously accepted and directed 
that it should be mixed with water and given to the monks. The 
glad monkey made a wild bound, and fell into the tank and died ; but 
owing to the powerful influence of his good act, he became a man in 
his next birth. 
165. In a forest at a short distance to the north of the tank there 
was another holy spot, where the four previous Buddhas were said 
to have taken exercise ; and all around it there were numerous Stupas, 
which marked the places where no less than 1,250 arhats, or holy 
men, including Sériputra, Mudgalaputra, and others, used to sit in 
meditation. But besides these, there were several other Stwpas on 
the spots where Buddha at different times had explained the law. 
166. The two principal sites described by Hwen Thsang can, I 
think, be fixed with tolerable certainty ; namely, that of the famous: 
Upagupta monastery, and that of the monkey’s offering. The first 
is said to be at 5 or 6 l’, or just one mile, to the east of the city ; but 
as an eastern direction would take us to the low ground, on the oppo- 
site bank of the Jumna, where no ruins now exist, I feel quite satistied 
that we should read west instead of east. This change is rendered 
almost certain by the discovery of numerous Buddhist remains inside 
the great square of the Katra, which is just one mile to the westward 
_ of the old fort of Mathura, But it is rendered quite certain by the 
more recent discovery of very important Buddhist remains and old 
inscriptions in a mound beside a tank which is situated just three miles 
to the south-east of the Katra mound. This tank mound I take to 
be the place where Buddha was said to have taken exercise, and where 
the monkey made his offering of honey. The direction is precisely 
the same, and the distance agrees also as well as can be made out from 
Hwen Thsang’s statements. He gives the distance as four miles from 
the stone chamber, which was at some unstated, but certainly. short, 

