1865.] Report of the Archeological Survey. 163 
the ruins of the Huvishka and Kundokhara monasteries, have been 
very interesting on account of their variety, as they comprise statues 
of all sizes, bas-reliefs, pillars, Buddhist railings, votive Stwpas, stone 
umbrellas, and many other objects peculiar to Buddhism, of a date as 
early as the first century of the Christian era. Amongst the broken 
statues there is the left hand of a colossal figure of Buddha, the 
Teacher, which measures exactly one foot across the palm. The 
statue itself, therefore, could pot have been less than from 20 to 24 
feet in height, and with its pedestal, halo, and umbrella canopy it 
must have been fully 30 feet in height. Stone statues of this great 
size are so extremely difficult to move, that they can be very rarely 
made. It is true that some of the Jain statues of Gwalior are larger, 
such as the standing colossus in the Urwdhi of the fort, which is 57 
feet high, with a foot 9 feet in length, and the great seated figure on 
the east side of the fort, which is 29 feet high, with a hand 7 feet in 
length. But these figures are hewn out of the solid rock, to which 
they are still attached at the back. There are larger statues also in 
Barma, but they are built up on the spot of brick and mortar, and 
cannot be moved. I look forward, therefore, with great interest to the 
_ discovery of other portions of the Mathura Colossus, and more especi- 
ally to that of the pedestal, on which we may expect to find the name 
of the donor of this costly and difficult work. 
177. Most of the statues hitherto discovered at Mathura have been 
those of Buddha, the Teacher, who is represented either sitting or 
standing, and with one or both hands raised in the attitude of enforcing 
his argument. The prevailing number of these statues is satisfactorily 
illustrated by Hwen Thsang, who records that when Buddha was alive 
he frequently visited Mathura, and that monuments have been erected 
“im all the places where he explained the law.” Accordingly, on this 
one spot there have already been found two colossal standing figures 

of the Teacher, each 74 feet in height, two life-size seated statues, and 
~ one three-quarter size seated statue, besides numerous. smaller figures 
of inferior workmanship. 
178. The most remarkable piece of sculpture is that of a female 
of rather more than half life-size. The figure is naked, save a 
girdle of beads round the waist, the same as is seen in the Bhilsa 
sculptures and Ajanta paintings. The attitude and the positions of the 
21 


